ISS: Collaborative Research: Spherical Cool Diffusion Flames Burning Gaseous Fuels

国际空间站：合作研究：燃烧气体燃料的球形冷扩散火焰

基本信息

批准号：
1740471
负责人：
Richard Axelbaum
金额：
$ 1.5万
依托单位：
Washington University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1740471&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
ISS Collaborative Research Spherical Cool

项目摘要

Spherical cool diffusion flames are remarkable flames with unusually low temperatures. They offer valuable insight into combustion processes in practical combustion devices, such as engines. These flames were discovered in 2012 aboard the International Space Station (ISS), and since then this has been the only platform for observing them. To date all the ISS cool flames have involved liquid droplet fuels. This has limited the number of fuels to be observed and the ability to observe truly steady flames. For this project, experiments aboard the ISS will be performed using gaseous hydrocarbon fuels burning as nearly steady spherical flames. These flames will be supported by spherical porous burners. Their observation, with the most advanced combustion diagnostics available aboard the ISS, will allow the development of new chemical kinetics mechanisms and computational tools for combustion research. The improved understanding of cool diffusion flames gained by these experiments will lead to improved designs of practical combustion devices.The discovery of cool diffusion flames has spawned a rapidly growing research field, but only a few measurements at limited conditions are available. Consequently, cool flame chemical kinetics mechanisms cannot be adequately tested or advanced, but such knowledge is needed to design cleaner and more efficient internal combustion engines. The objectives of this project are to observe diverse cool diffusion flames aboard the ISS, to simulate the tests with advanced computational models, and to advance chemical kinetics mechanisms that can accurately model these flames. The ISS is the only platform for observing spherical cool diffusion flames because they require about 20 s of microgravity to establish and even longer to reach steady state. The flames will be supported by a 6-mm spherical burner fed with propane, n-butane, or n-pentane. Normal and inverse flames will be considered, including a broad range of dilution conditions and pressures. The burners, gas delivery system, and diagnostics will be those used by the previous ISS flight experiments. The diagnostics will support color video, imaging of excited CH* and CH2O*, and measurements of gas temperatures, radiative emissions, optical emissions from H2O and OH, and ambient gas compositions. The research will be disseminated widely to the combustion research community and to industry. There will be outreach activities to attract secondary school students to engineering. This project will advance the state-of-the-art in cool flame kinetics mechanisms, which in turn should lead to cleaner, more efficient internal combustion engines.

球形凉爽的扩散火焰是明显的火焰，温度异常低。他们为实用燃烧设备（例如发动机）中的燃烧过程提供了宝贵的见解。这些火焰是在2012年在国际空间站（ISS）上发现的，从那时起，这是唯一观察它们的平台。迄今为止，所有ISS凉爽的火焰都涉及液滴燃料。这限制了要观察到的燃料数量和观察到真正稳定火焰的能力。对于此项目，将使用气态烃燃料作为几乎稳定的球形火焰进行ISS上的实验。这些火焰将由球形多孔燃烧器支撑。他们的观察结果以及最先进的燃烧诊断，可在ISS上获得，将允许开发新的化学动力学机制和用于燃烧研究的计算工具。这些实验获得的对凉爽扩散火焰的改进理解将导致改进的实用燃烧设备的设计。凉爽扩散火焰的发现产生了快速增长的研究领域，但在有限条件下只有少量测量。因此，冷火焰化学动力学机制无法进行充分的测试或进行，但是需要这些知识来设计清洁剂，更有效的内燃机。该项目的目标是观察ISS上的多种凉爽的扩散火焰，以使用高级计算模型模拟测试，并推进可以准确对这些火焰建模的化学动力学机制。 ISS是观察球形冷扩散火焰的唯一平台，因为它们需要大约20 s的微重力才能建立甚至更长的时间才能达到稳态。火焰将由6毫米的球形燃烧器用丙烷，N-丁烷或N-戊烷支撑。将考虑正常的火焰和反向，包括广泛的稀释条件和压力。燃烧器，气体输送系统和诊断将是先前ISS飞行实验所使用的。诊断将支持彩色视频，激发的CH*和CH2O*的成像以及气温的测量，辐射排放，H2O和OH的光学排放，以及环境气体组成。该研究将被广泛传播到燃烧研究界和行业。将举行外展活动，以吸引中学生进入工程学。该项目将推进凉爽的火焰动力学机制的最先进，从而导致更清洁，更有效的内燃机。