Quantum Gates, Algorithms, and Error Correction with a Neutral Atom Qubit Array

量子门、算法和中性原子量子位阵列的纠错

基本信息

批准号：
1720220
负责人：
Mark Saffman
金额：
$ 70万
依托单位：
University of Wisconsin-Madison
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2020-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1720220&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Quantum Gates Algorithms Error Correction

项目摘要

Quantum computing is attracting great interest due to its potential for solving practical problems that are intractable on classical computers. Areas of application include cryptography, database searching, pattern classification, solving large systems of coupled equations, and design of new functional materials or chemical compounds. A quantum computer is built from quantum bits, or qubits, that store quantum information which is processed using quantum logic gates. This project will continue the development of quantum computing using qubits encoded in the internal states of individual atoms. While the current state of the art involves experiments with 10-20 qubits, it is believed that computers with many thousands of qubits will be needed to realize the promise of quantum computation. In this respect the atom based approach being developed in this project is particularly attractive since a large number of neutral atoms can be held and controlled in close proximity without undesired interference with each other. The project seeks to advance the state of the art of several key performance metrics: the ability of qubits to preserve their quantum states for a long time, the fidelity of logic gate operations and qubit measurements, and the number of qubits that can be prepared in a single system. These advances will then be used to demonstrate a quantum algorithm for database searching. The project will contribute to scientific workforce development through training of students and postdoctoral researchers. The training will be interdisciplinary, drawing on methods and ideas from atomic and laser physics, electronic and computer based control systems, and quantum information theory. Research results will be incorporated into the University teaching curriculum. The experimental approach will use a two-dimensional array of cesium and rubidium atoms trapped in potential wells defined by light. The potential wells will be prepared by combining laser light of several different frequencies in a way that protects stored quantum information from decoherence. A movable optical tweezer system will be implemented to arrange trapped atoms for 100% occupancy of an array with up to 50 qubit sites. Quantum logic gates to create entanglement will be performed by exciting atoms to Rydberg states with laser pulses. Adiabatic pulses with shaped temporal profiles will be used to improve the fidelity of the entangling operations. Atomic states will be measured without crosstalk to other qubits or loss of atoms using a two-species approach whereby one species (cesium) will be used for memory and quantum logic, and a second species (rubidium) will be used for measurements. The quantum states to be measured will be transferred from cesium to rubidium atoms using an interspecies Rydberg gate. These capabilities will then be leveraged to demonstrate a multi-qubit quantum algorithm that provides quadratic speedup for database searching. The team will also implement quantum error correction to protect qubits against bit flip or phase flip errors.

量子计算因其解决经典计算机难以解决的实际问题的潜力而引起了人们的极大兴趣。应用领域包括密码学、数据库搜索、模式分类、求解大型耦合方程组以及新功能材料或化合物的设计。量子计算机由量子位构建，量子位存储使用量子逻辑门处理的量子信息。该项目将继续使用单个原子内部状态编码的量子位来开发量子计算。虽然目前的技术水平涉及 10-20 个量子位的实验，但人们相信，要实现量子计算的前景，将需要具有数千个量子位的计算机。在这方面，该项目中开发的基于原子的方法特别有吸引力，因为可以将大量中性原子保持和控制在附近，而不会相互干扰。该项目旨在提高几个关键性能指标的最新水平：量子位长期保留其量子态的能力、逻辑门操作和量子位测量的保真度，以及可以在其中准备的量子位数量。一个单一的系统。这些进展将用于演示数据库搜索的量子算法。该项目将通过培训学生和博士后研究人员来促进科学劳动力的发展。培训将是跨学科的，借鉴原子和激光物理学、电子和计算机控制系统以及量子信息理论的方法和思想。研究成果将纳入大学教学课程。该实验方法将使用由光定义的势阱中捕获的铯和铷原子的二维阵列。势阱将通过组合几种不同频率的激光来制备，以保护存储的量子信息免于退相干。将采用可移动光镊系统来排列被捕获的原子，以 100% 占用最多 50 个量子位点的阵列。产生纠缠的量子逻辑门将通过激光脉冲将原子激发到里德伯态来执行。具有成形时间轮廓的绝热脉冲将用于提高纠缠操作的保真度。将使用双物质方法测量原子态，而不会与其他量子位串扰或原子损失，其中一种物质（铯）将用于存储和量子逻辑，第二种物质（铷）将用于测量。待测量的量子态将使用种间里德伯门从铯原子转移到铷原子。然后将利用这些功能来演示多量子位量子算法，为数据库搜索提供二次加速。该团队还将实施量子纠错，以保护量子位免受位翻转或相位翻转错误的影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（14）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A reconfigurable blue-detuned lattice for neutral atom quantum computing

用于中性原子量子计算的可重构蓝色失谐晶格

DOI：
发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
DAMOP 2019
影响因子：
0
作者：
GRAHAM, T.;POOLE, C;JIANG, X;MARRA, Z;GRINKEMEYER, B;HICKMAN, G;CHEREK, J;EBERT, M;SAFFMAN, M.
通讯作者：
SAFFMAN, M.

A reconfigurable blue-detuned lattice for neutral atom quantum computing

用于中性原子量子计算的可重构蓝色失谐晶格

DOI：
发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
Molecular and Optical Physics APS Meeting
影响因子：
0
作者：
Graham, Trent;Poole, Cody;Xiaoyu, Jiang;Marra, Alphonse;Grinkemeyer, Brandon;Hickman, Garrett;Cherek, Josh;Ebert, Matthew;Saffman, Mark
通讯作者：
Saffman, Mark

Quantum computing with neutral atoms

中性原子的量子计算