Collaborative research: US GEOTRACES PMT: Trace-metal concentrations and stable isotopes in the North Pacific

合作研究：美国 GEOTRACES PMT：北太平洋的痕量金属浓度和稳定同位素

• 批准号: 1736896
• 负责人: Seth John
• 金额: $ 44.02万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1736896&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; US; GEOTRACES; PMT

The goal of the international GEOTRACES program is to understand the distributions of many chemical elements and their isotopes in the oceans. The National Science Foundation is supporting a U.S. GEOTRACES sampling expedition in the Pacific Ocean 2018, from Alaska to Tahiti. This award will focus on measurement of the stable isotopes of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) in seawater, filtered particles, and atmospheric aerosol particles on this expedition. The trace metals Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Cd strongly influence marine biogeochemistry and carbon cycling. Measurements of isotope ratios -- the relative abundance of different forms of the same chemical element -- provide insights not possible from concentration measurements alone. The investigators will use isotope data to learn more about the inputs and outputs of these elements to the ocean as well as the biological processes that influence their distributions within the oceans, leading to greater understanding of the role these metals play in oceanic carbon cycling. The award will also host an international inter-lab comparison exercise for Cd isotope ratios at low concentrations in seawater. The project will support an early career investigator, a postdoctoral researcher, and undergraduate and graduate students. The investigators will measure delta-56Fe, delta-60Ni, delta-65Cu, delta-66Zn, and delta-114Cd at high spatial resolution along the U.S. GEOTRACES Pacific Meridional Transect (PMT). The resulting oceanic sections of all five isotope systems will enable them to distinguish between competing ideas about the controls on trace metal distributions. A wide variety of hypotheses about marine biogeochemical trace metal cycling, addressing topics of global importance will be explored and tested, including: 1) How do different sources, productivity and export regimes, coupled with overturning circulation, control the distribution of Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu and Cd and their isotopes in the Pacific? 2) Do oxygen minimum zones act as sinks for Cd, Zn, Cu and Ni, while acting as sources for Fe? and 3) What sources are most important for supplying Fe to the North Pacific Ocean? The PMT section crosses two high nutrient-low chlorophyll (HNLC) regions and two oligotrophic gyres, as well as transecting the oldest waters in the ocean, allowing the investigators to use high-resolution isotope datasets to investigate competing hypotheses about the effect of vertical, horizontal and in situ biogeochemical processes on the distribution of all five metals and their isotopes. Aerosol dust, volcanogenic and reducing margin sediments, and hydrothermal vents such as the East Pacific Rise have all been hypothesized as major contributors to the dissolved Fe cycle in the Pacific. Measurement of iron isotope signatures in aerosols and near to oceanic sources will enable the identification and quantification the importance of these different iron sources and processes in supplying iron to the iron-limited surface ocean, especially important for the two HNLC regions along the PMT section.

国际地理计划计划的目标是了解许多化学元素及其同位素在海洋中的分布。美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation）支持从阿拉斯加到大溪地的2018年太平洋的美国地理探险探险。该奖项将集中于对此探险中的海水，过滤颗粒和大气气溶胶颗粒中铁（Fe），镍（Ni），锌（Zn），铜（Zn），铜（Cu）和镉（CD）的稳定同位素的测量。痕量金属Fe，Ni，Zn，Cu和CD强烈影响海洋生物地球化学和碳循环。同位素比的测量 - 相同化学元素的不同形式的相对丰度 - 仅凭浓度测量就无法提供见解。研究人员将使用同位素数据来了解有关这些元素对海洋的投入和输出的更多信息，以及影响其在海洋中分布的生物学过程，从而更加了解这些金属在海洋碳循环中所起的作用。该奖项还将在海水中低浓度的CD同位素比率进行国际实验室间比较练习。该项目将支持早期的职业调查员，博士后研究员以及本科生和研究生。研究人员将在高空间分辨率下测量Delta-56Fe，Delta-60Ni，Delta-65cu，Delta-65CU，Delta-66Zn和Delta-114CD，沿美国太平洋Pacific Pacific Meridional Trrancect（PMT）沿高空间分辨率。所有五个同位素系统的最终海洋部分将使他们能够区分有关痕量金属分布的控制的竞争观念。将探索和测试有关海洋生物地球化学痕量金属循环的各种假设，解决全球重要性的主题，包括：1）如何与倾覆的循环，控制FE，Ni，ni，Zn，Cu和Cus及其在PACICIC中的同位素的分布，如何控制不同的来源，生产力和出口机制？ 2）氧最小区域是否充当CD，Zn，Cu和Ni的下沉，同时充当Fe来源？ 3）哪些来源对于向北太平洋供应铁最重要？ PMT部分横穿两个高营养低叶绿素（HNLC）区域和两个贫营养的回旋，并横断了海洋中最古老的水域，从而使研究人员可以使用高分辨率的同位素数据集来研究有关垂直效应的竞争假设，即垂直效果，水平和位置均可分配五个五个分配，并分配了五个分配。气溶胶尘埃，火山粉和减少的边缘沉积物以及水热通风孔（例如东太平洋上升）都被认为是太平洋溶解的FE循环的主要贡献者。在气溶胶和海洋源附近的铁同位素特征的测量将使这些不同的铁源和过程在向铁限制的表面海洋中供应铁的重要性，对沿PMT部分的两个HNLC区域尤其重要。

项目成果

AIBECS.jl: A tool for exploring global marine biogeochemical cycles.

AIBECS.jl：探索全球海洋生物地球化学循环的工具。

• DOI: 10.21105/joss.03814
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Open Source Software
• 作者: Pasquier, Benoît;Primeau, François;John, Seth
• 通讯作者: John, Seth

Distribution patterns of dissolved trace metals (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in China marginal seas during the GEOTRACES GP06-CN cruise

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120948
• 发表时间: 2022-05
• 期刊: Chemical Geology
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Ruifeng Zhang;J. Ren;Zhaoru Zhang;Zhu Zhu-Zhu;S. John

Lack of redox cycling for nickel in the water column of the Eastern tropical north pacific oxygen deficient zone: Insight from dissolved and particulate nickel isotopes

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2021.07.004
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Shun‐Chung Yang;Rachel L. Kelly;X. Bian;T. Conway;Kuo‐Fang Huang;T. Ho;Jacquelyn A. Neibauer;R. Keil;J. Moffett;S. John

The biogeochemical balance of oceanic nickel cycling

海洋镍循环的生物地球化学平衡

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01045-7
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: John, Seth G.;Kelly, Rachel L.;Bian, Xiaopeng;Fu, Feixue;Smith, M. Isabel;Lanning, Nathan T.;Liang, Hengdi;Pasquier, Benoît;Seelen, Emily A.;Holzer, Mark
• 通讯作者: Holzer, Mark

Biogeochemical cycling of Cd, Mn, and Ce in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific oxygen‐deficient zone

东部热带北太平洋缺氧区 Cd、Mn 和 Ce 的生物地球化学循环

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.12287
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Bian, Xiaopeng;Yang, Shun‐Chung;Bolster, Kenneth M.;Moriyasu, Rintaro;Moffett, James W.;John, Seth G.
• 通讯作者: John, Seth G.