Resilience, Reliability, and Externalities of Integrated Centralized and Distributed Water and Energy Systems: The Integrated Water-Energy Dynamic (iWED) Model

综合集中式和分布式水和能源系统的弹性、可靠性和外部性：综合水-能源动态 (iWED) 模型

• 批准号: 1706143
• 负责人: Weiwei Mo
• 金额: $ 30.37万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1706143&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Resilience; Reliability; Externalities; Integrated; Centralized

1706143 (Mo). This project aims to identify trade-offs and synergies among centralized and distributed water and energy supply schemes and enhance understanding of water-energy interdependence and dynamics as demographics, climate, technologies, and policies change. To achieve this goal, a novel, integrated Water-Energy Dynamic (iWED) modeling framework will be created based on system dynamics (SD) theory coupling results from life cycle assessment, life cycle cost assessment, structural path analysis, and process-based climate and hydrologic models. A generic iWED model and decision making framework will first be developed on the regional scale. It will then be tested through two contrasting case studies: the Tampa Bay, FL region and the Great Boston area, MA region. In this project, all water and energy sources of a region will first be identified as critical resource components and simulated as stocks (time dependent cumulative levels of source availability). The inflows and outflows of each stock will be identified. A baseline water systems model will then be developed linking water sources, infrastructure capacity, and demand using existing climate and hydrologic models and mass balance equations. A similar energy systems model will also be established. The water systems model will then be linked with the energy systems model using outcomes of life cycle assessments, supplemented by structural path analysis. Changes in water and energy balance, interactions, and resilience will be examined when varied types and percentages of distributed water and energy systems are integrated into the existing network considering varied population and downscaled climate change scenarios. Based on the water and energy vulnerability and resilience results under varied decentralization scenarios, a life cycle cost model will be developed to evaluate the potential savings from centralized supply, capital and maintenance costs associated with distributed infrastructure, and potential incentive/disincentive policies that could support social justice and conservation goals with distributed water and energy systems. This work is target to generate new knowledge in 1) regional scale dynamic water-energy nexus quantifications over their entire life cycles; 2) the influences of the decentralization scale on water and energy availability and resiliency; 3) the influences of different and dynamic local contexts on the water-energy nexus under different water and energy supply schemes; and 4) the feasibility of policy and management strategies that simultaneously optimize characteristics of water and energy supply as well as promote social justice. This project will also result in the development of 1) a new integrated water, energy, fund availability and balance model - iWED, which can be generalized to any region of concern, 2) a life cycle cost inventory of different life cycle water and energy systems, and 3) dynamic policy and scenario analyses to inform integrated water and energy management and support decision making of future water and energy paradigm shift. The envisioned iWED model could easily be extended to support and advance the development of other pertinent research fields such as understanding the interactions among other critical resources (e.g., the food-water-energy nexus), smart and net-zero communities, urban metabolism, and industrial symbiosis. This project will also result in development of a new open-sourced learning module, which can be integrated into undergraduate and graduate level systems analysis courses, and an educational role-play game that can be used to promote systems thinking and improve understanding of the water-energy nexus.

1706143（莫）。该项目旨在确定集中式和分布式水和能源供应方案之间的权衡和协同作用，并随着人口、气候、技术和政策的变化，加深对水-能源相互依赖性和动态的理解。为了实现这一目标，将基于系统动力学（SD）理论耦合生命周期评估、生命周期成本评估、结构路径分析和基于过程的气候结果，创建一个新颖的集成水-能源动态（iWED）建模框架和水文模型。首先将在区域范围内开发通用的 iWED 模型和决策框架。然后将通过两个对比案例研究对其进行测试：佛罗里达州坦帕湾地区和马萨诸塞州大波士顿地区。在该项目中，一个地区的所有水和能源将首先被确定为关键资源组成部分并模拟为库存（随时间变化的资源可用性累积水平）。每只股票的流入和流出将被确定。然后将使用现有的气候和水文模型以及质量平衡方程开发一个基线水系统模型，将水源、基础设施能力和需求联系起来。类似的能源系统模型也将建立。然后，利用生命周期评估的结果，并辅以结构路径分析，将水系统模型与能源系统模型联系起来。考虑到不同的人口和缩小规模的气候变化情景，当不同类型和百分比的分布式水和能源系统集成到现有网络中时，将检查水和能源平衡、相互作用和复原力的变化。根据不同分散情景下的水和能源脆弱性和复原力结果，将开发生命周期成本模型，以评估集中供应、与分布式基础设施相关的资本和维护成本的潜在节省，以及可以支持的潜在激励/抑制政策分布式水和能源系统的社会正义和保护目标。这项工作的目标是在以下方面产生新知识：1）整个生命周期的区域尺度动态水-能源关系量化； 2）权力下放规模对水和能源可用性和弹性的影响； 3）不同的水和能源供应方案下，不同的、动态的当地环境对水-能源关系的影响； 4）同时优化水和能源供应特性并促进社会正义的政策和管理策略的可行性。该项目还将开发 1) 一种新的综合水、能源、资金可用性和平衡模型 - iWED，它可以推广到任何关注的区域，2) 不同生命周期水和能源的生命周期成本清单系统；3) 动态政策和情景分析，为综合水和能源管理提供信息，并支持未来水和能源范式转变的决策。设想的 iWED 模型可以轻松扩展，以支持和促进其他相关研究领域的发展，例如了解其他关键资源之间的相互作用（例如食物-水-能源关系）、智能和净零社区、城市新陈代谢、和产业共生。该项目还将开发一个新的开源学习模块，该模块可以集成到本科和研究生水平的系统分析课程中，以及一个教育角色扮演游戏，可以用来促进系统思维和提高对水的理解-能源关系。

项目成果

Spatially optimized distribution of household rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling systems

家庭雨水收集和灰水回收系统的空间优化分布

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127736
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Stang, Shannon;Khalkhali, Masoumeh;Petrik, Marek;Palace, Michael;Lu, Zhongming;Mo, Weiwei
• 通讯作者: Mo, Weiwei

A Spatial Life Cycle Cost Comparison of Residential Greywater and Rainwater Harvesting Systems

住宅灰水和雨水收集系统的空间生命周期成本比较

• DOI: 10.1089/ees.2020.0426
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Environmental Engineering Science
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Maskwa, Rebecca;Gardner, Kevin;Mo, Weiwei
• 通讯作者: Mo, Weiwei

The energy implication of climate change on urban wastewater systems

气候变化对城市废水系统的能源影响

• DOI: j.jclepro.2020.121905
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Journal of cleaner production
• 作者: Khalkhali, Masoumeh;Mo, Weiwei
• 通讯作者: Mo, Weiwei

The water-energy nexus at water supply and its implications on the integrated water and energy management

供水中的水-能源关系及其对水和能源综合管理的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.408
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: Science of The Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Khalkhali, Masoumeh;Westphal, Kirk;Mo, Weiwei
• 通讯作者: Mo, Weiwei

Spatial household preferences of decentralized solar photovoltaic and thermal systems

家庭对分散式太阳能光伏热系统的空间偏好

• DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106487
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Conservation and Recycling
• 作者: Ghasemi, Roozbeh;Li, Yue;Lu, Zhongming;Huang, Ju;Mo, Weiwei
• 通讯作者: Mo, Weiwei