Collaborative Research: P2C2--Madagascar Caves and Paleoclimate (MADCAP), Investigating Climate Variability in the Southern Hemisphere of the Western Indian Ocean

合作研究：P2C2--马达加斯加洞穴和古气候（MADCAP），调查西印度洋南半球的气候变化

基本信息

批准号：
1702691
负责人：
William McGee
金额：
$ 13.55万
依托单位：
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-11-15 至 2020-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1702691&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research P2C2 Madagascar Caves

项目摘要

The project will produce educational materials and exhibits prepared for a general audience and displayed in a modest museum now under construction at Tsimanampetsotse National Park. The displays will reveal how research with stalagmites helps uncover the climate and vegetation history of Madagascar and will help heighten public awareness of the Park's natural history and biodiversity. This project will involve several Malagasy scientists and includes mentoring for a doctoral student and post-doctoral scholar. The project will also support research and laboratory experiences for undergraduates at both MIT and UMass. Finally, a better understanding of the causes of decadal-scale climate variability will help in providing insights into potential future changes in rainfall in a country that experiences severe drought and flooding on inter-annual time scales.The aims of the research are: 1) to investigate sub-decadal to annual resolution changes in precipitation over the past 2,000 years and determine the relationships between precipitation in Madagascar and variability in the Indian Ocean Zonal Mode, El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other drivers of inter-annual and decadal-scale climate variability; 2) investigate the relationships between climate, landscape evolution and the disappearance of Madagascar's endemic megafauna in the Late Holocene; and 3) investigate the timing and nature of millennial and orbital scale variability in the Indian Ocean Monsoon in the Southern Hemisphere and determine how it relates to Northern Hemisphere Monsoon variability and climate changes in East Africa.This project aims to use speleothems from caves at two locations in Madagascar to reconstruct climate and landscape evolution in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. High-resolution time series of speleothem delta 18-Oxygen and Strontium/Calcium and Magnesium/Calcium trace element ratios measured on stalagmites collected from northwest and southwest Madagascar will be used to reconstruct past changes in precipitation. Speleothem delta 13-Carbon measurements will be used as a proxy for the evolution of the landscape between forest and grassland. Precise age models will be constructed using 230 Thorium/Uranium.

该项目将为普通观众制作教育材料和展品，并在齐马南佩索策国家公园正在建设的一座简陋博物馆中展出。这些展览将揭示石笋研究如何帮助揭示马达加斯加的气候和植被历史，并有助于提高公众对公园自然历史和生物多样性的认识。该项目将涉及几名马达加斯加科学家，并包括对一名博士生和博士后学者的指导。该项目还将支持麻省理工学院和麻省大学本科生的研究和实验室体验。最后，更好地了解十年尺度气候变化的原因将有助于深入了解一个在年际时间尺度上经历严重干旱和洪水的国家未来降雨量的潜在变化。该研究的目的是：1)调查过去 2000 年降水量从十年到年分辨率的变化，并确定马达加斯加降水量与印度洋纬向模、厄尔尼诺南方涛动 (ENSO) 和其他驱动因素的变化之间的关系年际和十年尺度的气候变化； 2）调查全新世晚期气候、景观演变与马达加斯加特有巨型动物消失之间的关系； 3) 研究南半球印度洋季风千禧年和轨道尺度变化的时间和性质，并确定其与北半球季风变化和东非气候变化的关系。该项目旨在利用来自两个洞穴的洞穴化石马达加斯加的地点重建晚更新世和全新世的气候和景观演化。在马达加斯加西北部和西南部收集的石笋上测量的洞穴石δ 18-氧和锶/钙和镁/钙微量元素比率的高分辨率时间序列将用于重建过去的降水变化。 Speleothem delta 13-碳测量将用作森林和草原之间景观演变的代理。精确的年龄模型将使用 230 钍/铀构建。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A new interpretation of Madagascar's megafaunal decline: The “Subsistence Shift Hypothesis”

对马达加斯加巨型动物数量减少的新解释：“生存转变假说”

DOI：
10.1016/j.jhevol.2019.03.002
发表时间：
2019-05
期刊：
Journal of Human Evolution
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Godfrey, Laurie R.;Scroxton, Nick;Crowley, Brooke E.;Burns, Stephen J.;Sutherland, Michael R.;Pérez, Ventura R.;Faina, Peterson;McGee, David;Ranivoharimanana, Lovasoa
通讯作者：
Ranivoharimanana, Lovasoa

Competing Temperature and Atmospheric Circulation Effects on Southwest Madagascan Rainfall During the Last Deglaciation

末次冰消期温度和大气环流对马达加斯加西南部降雨的竞争影响

DOI：
10.1029/2018pa003466
发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
N. Scroxton;S. Burns;D. McGee;B. Hardt;L. Godfrey;Lovasoa Ranivoharimanana;P. Faina
通讯作者：
P. Faina

Rapid measurement of strontium in speleothems using core-scanning micro X-ray fluorescence

使用岩心扫描微 X 射线荧光快速测量洞穴中的锶

DOI：
10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.04.008
发表时间：
2018-05-25
期刊：
Chemical Geology
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
N. Scroxton;S. Burns;P. Dawson;J. M. Rhodes;K. Brent;D. McGee;H. Heijnis;P. Gadd;W. Hantoro;M. Gagan
通讯作者：
M. Gagan