Physics of Tidal Disruptions

潮汐扰动物理学

基本信息

批准号：
1715032
负责人：
Julian Krolik
金额：
$ 40.03万
依托单位：
Johns Hopkins University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1715032&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Physics Tidal Disruptions

项目摘要

For about fifteen years, astrophysicists have known that galaxies generally house supermassive black holes (BHs) at their centers. Although usually detected only through their gravity, there is another method to reveal otherwise unobservable BHs: stellar tidal disruptions, which are the destruction of a star that happens to pass extremely close to such a BH. The exciting and innovative techniques already developed to tackle this situation will be extended and improved and will have significant impact across many fields that require numerical calculations.Over roughly the last decade, dozens of these Tidal Disruption Events have now been discovered from the luminous flare each one produces. This characteristic flare gradually decays over a span of weeks to months. Unfortunately, the old theory has trouble explaining the new data, and its assumptions must be questioned. Recent work has opened new ways of thinking about these events, but progress has been hampered by the extreme computational demands of conventional numerical simulation methods. The present team has built a new simulation infrastructure that overcomes these obstacles, and permits high-quality calculations incorporating full general relativity and three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics. This tool enables three new avenues of research: (1) understanding the nature of both the accretion flow onto the black hole and the ejection of unbound debris after the star is torn apart; (2) exploring how black hole spin may shape the accretion flow and possibly support relativistic jets; and (3) providing quantitative predictions of the light curves and spectra produced.Societal benefits come from training a young scientist in the broadly applicable techniques of large-scale numerical simulation, expanding modern instructional methods in undergraduate physics education, and developing the innovative computing methodology for future public release.

大约十五年来，天体物理学家已经知道星系的中心通常存在超大质量黑洞（BH）。虽然通常只能通过其引力来检测，但还有另一种方法可以揭示其他无法观测到的黑洞：恒星潮汐破坏，即恰好经过非常接近这样的黑洞的恒星的毁灭。为解决这种情况而开发的令人兴奋的创新技术将得到扩展和改进，并将对许多需要数值计算的领域产生重大影响。在大约过去十年中，现在已经从发光耀斑中发现了数十起潮汐瓦解事件。一个产生。这种特征性的耀斑在几周到几个月的时间内逐渐减弱。不幸的是，旧理论难以解释新数据，其假设必须受到质疑。最近的工作开辟了思考这些事件的新方法，但传统数值模拟方法的极端计算需求阻碍了进展。目前的团队建立了一个新的模拟基础设施，克服了这些障碍，并允许结合完整的广义相对论和三维磁流体动力学进行高质量的计算。该工具实现了三种新的研究途径：（1）了解黑洞吸积流和恒星撕裂后未结合碎片喷射的性质；（2）探索黑洞自旋如何塑造吸积流并可能支持相对论性喷流； (3) 提供所产生的光变曲线和光谱的定量预测。社会效益来自于培训年轻科学家广泛适用的大规模数值模拟技术、扩展本科物理教育中的现代教学方法以及开发创新的计算方法以供将来公开发布。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（21）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Future Simulations of Tidal Disruption Events

潮汐破坏事件的未来模拟

DOI：
10.1007/s11214-020-00680-z
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Space Science Reviews
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Krolik, Julian H.;Armitage, Philip J.;Jiang, Yanfei;Lodato, Giuseppe
通讯作者：
Lodato, Giuseppe

Predicting the X-Ray Spectra of Stellar-mass Black Holes from Simulations

通过模拟预测恒星质量黑洞的 X 射线光谱

DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ab05d5
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kinch, Brooks E.;Schnittman, Jeremy D.;Kallman, Timothy R.;Krolik, Julian H.
通讯作者：
Krolik, Julian H.

Tidal Disruption Events in Active Galactic Nuclei