LTER: Resilience in the Environmental Mosaic of the Northern Gulf of Alaska (NGA) Shelf Ecosystem

LTER：阿拉斯加北部湾 (NGA) 陆架生态系统环境马赛克的恢复力

• 批准号: 1656070
• 负责人: Russell Hopcroft
• 金额: $ 563.5万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1656070&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTER; Resilience; Environmental; Mosaic; Northern

This award will establish a Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program in the Northern Gulf of Alaska (NGA). The NGA is a highly productive subarctic biome where intense environmental variability has profound impacts on lower trophic level organisms and community dynamics that, directly or indirectly, support the iconic fish, crabs, seabirds and marine mammals of Alaska. In the NGA, a pronounced spring bloom and regions of sustained summer production support a stable base of energy-rich zooplankton grazers and a substantial sinking flux of organic matter, thereby efficiently transferring primary production up the food chain and contributing to carbon export. The LTER research team will examine features, mechanisms and processes that drive this productivity and system-wide resilience to understand how short- and long-term climate variability propagates through the environment to influence organisms. This highly productive biome will provide a valuable new component to the LTER network by investigating marine ecosystem changes in a region impacted by warming surface ocean trends, and by leveraging a strong climate context provided by two decades of prior observations and a rich history of coupled biological-physical modeling to advance prediction of ecosystem response to perturbation. To complement the observational and modeling efforts, the NGA LTER includes an Education & Outreach component that will develop videos highlighting the understanding gained from this research, and the activities of scientists in ocean-related STEM careers. These products will be presented to the public through various high-traffic venues, will be incorporated into virtual field trips for K-12 students, and will be available to the LTER network. The NGA LTER program will also serve as a platform to train graduate and undergraduate students across disciplines and in cutting-edge field and data-analysis techniques. Finally, synthetic activities will aid in effective ecosystem-based management of commercially important fisheries in Alaska.The research focus of the NGA LTER site will be on mechanistic understanding of processes that underlie environmental variability, and the role of the latter in promoting high productivity and resilience. Building on prior knowledge, the investigators will test three hypotheses centered on ecosystem emergent properties: 1. Changes in the hydrologic cycle affect spring bloom production through changes in cloud cover, the stratification/mixing balance, macro- and micronutrient supplies, and transport pathways. 2. Hot-spots of high summer primary and secondary production result from interactions between the fresher Alaska Coastal Current and more saline offshore waters as promoted by shelf morphology and regional winds; hot spot timing and magnitude will be influenced by changes in the hydrologic cycle. 3. Nutritional and life history patterns of NGA consumers minimize trophic mismatch, buffering spatial and temporal variability in lower trophic level production and leading to resilience in the face of long-term climate change. The investigators will address these hypotheses with an integrated research program that includes: a) seasonal time series studies addressing short- and long-term environmental and ecosystem variability through a spring-to-fall field cruise- and mooring-based observational program, building upon and enhancing the Seward Line times series, and leveraging existing collaborations to obtain higher trophic level data; b) process studies that focus on hypothesized mechanisms leading to variability and enhancement of NGA production in time and space; c) modeling studies that incorporate physical and biogeochemical observations, provide a framework for testing hypotheses, and predict ecosystem responses to projected environmental changes; d) a data management component that provides a public platform for data visualization and synthesis by LTER colleagues, educators & students, and resource managers.

该奖项将在阿拉斯加北部湾 (NGA) 建立长期生态研究 (LTER) 计划。 NGA 是一个高产的亚北极生物群落，这里强烈的环境变化对低营养级生物和群落动态产生深远影响，这些生物和群落动态直接或间接地支持了阿拉斯加标志性的鱼类、螃蟹、海鸟和海洋哺乳动物。在 NGA 中，明显的春季开花和持续的夏季生产区域支持了能量丰富的浮游动物食草动物的稳定基础和大量的有机物下沉通量，从而有效地将初级生产转移到食物链上并有助于碳出口。 LTER 研究团队将研究推动这种生产力和全系统恢复能力的特征、机制和过程，以了解短期和长期气候变化如何通过环境传播以影响生物体。这种高生产力的生物群落将为 LTER 网络提供一个有价值的新组成部分，通过调查受表面海洋变暖趋势影响的区域的海洋生态系统变化，并利用二十年的先前观测和耦合生物的丰富历史提供的强大气候背景。 -物理建模以推进生态系统对扰动响应的预测。为了补充观测和建模工作，NGA LTER 包括一个教育和外展部分，该部分将制作视频，重点介绍从这项研究中获得的理解以及科学家在海洋相关 STEM 职业中的活动。这些产品将通过各种高流量场所向公众展示，将纳入 K-12 学生的虚拟实地考察中，并将提供给 LTER 网络。 NGA LTER 项目还将作为跨学科、前沿领域和数据分析技术培训研究生和本科生的平台。最后，综合活动将有助于对阿拉斯加具有重要商业意义的渔业进行基于生态系统的有效管理。NGA LTER 站点的研究重点将是对环境变化过程的机械理解，以及后者在促进高生产率和提高生产力方面的作用。弹力。基于现有知识，研究人员将测试以生态系统涌现特性为中心的三个假设： 1. 水文循环的变化通过云量、分层/混合平衡、宏观和微量营养素供应以及运输路径的变化影响春季开花的产量。 2. 夏季初级和次级产量高的热点地区是由于陆架形态和区域风的推动，较新鲜的阿拉斯加沿岸流与含盐量较高的近海水域之间的相互作用造成的；热点时间和强度将受到水文循环变化的影响。 3. NGA消费者的营养和生活史模式最大限度地减少了营养级不匹配，缓冲了低营养级生产的时空变化，并在面对长期气候变化时具有恢复能力。 研究人员将通过综合研究计划来解决这些假设，其中包括：a）季节性时间序列研究，通过春季到秋季的实地巡航和系泊观测计划来解决短期和长期环境和生态系统的变异性，增强苏厄德线时间序列，并利用现有合作来获取更高的营养级数据； b) 过程研究，重点关注导致 NGA 产量在时间和空间上发生变化和增强的假设机制； c) 结合物理和生物地球化学观测的建模研究，提供检验假设的框架，并预测生态系统对预计环境变化的反应； d) 数据管理组件，为 LTER 同事、教育工作者和学生以及资源管理者提供数据可视化和综合的公共平台。

项目成果

Physiological acclimatization in high‐latitude zooplankton

高纬度浮游动物的生理适应

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.16354
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Roncalli, Vittoria;Niestroy, Jeanette;Cieslak, Matthew C.;Castelfranco, Ann M.;Hopcroft, Russell R.;Lenz, Petra H.
• 通讯作者: Lenz, Petra H.

De novo transcriptomes of six calanoid copepods (Crustacea): a resource for the discovery of novel genes

六种桡足类动物（甲壳类）的从头转录组：发现新基因的资源

• DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02130-1
• 发表时间: 2023-04-27
• 期刊: Scientific Data
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Hartline, Daniel K. K.;Cieslak, Matthew C. C.;Castelfranco, Ann M. M.;Lieberman, Brandon;Roncalli, Vittoria;Lenz, Petra H. H.
• 通讯作者: Lenz, Petra H. H.

Capital Breeding in a Diapausing Copepod: A Transcriptomics Analysis

滞育桡足类的资本繁殖：转录组学分析

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00056
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Frontiers in Marine Science
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Roncalli, Vittoria;Cieslak, Matthew C.;Hopcroft, Russell R.;Lenz, Petra H.
• 通讯作者: Lenz, Petra H.

Marine Pelagic Ecosystem Responses to Climate Variability and Change

海洋中上层生态系统对气候变率和变化的响应

• DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biac050
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: BioScience
• 影响因子: 10.1
• 作者: Ducklow, Hugh;Cimino, Megan;Dunton, Kenneth H.;Fraser, William R.;Hopcroft, Russell R.;Ji, Rubao;Miller, Arthur J.;Ohman, Mark D.;Sosik, Heidi M.
• 通讯作者: Sosik, Heidi M.

Linked mercury methylation and nitrification across oxic subpolar regions

亚极地含氧区域的汞甲基化和硝化作用相关

• DOI: 10.3389/fenvc.2023.1109537
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Chemistry
• 作者: Despins, Marissa C.;Mason, Robert P.;Aguilar;Lamborg, Carl H.;Hammerschmidt, Chad R.;Newell, Silvia E.
• 通讯作者: Newell, Silvia E.