Assassin bugs: evolutionary history of the Reduvioidea, a diverse clade of predatory and hematophagous insects

刺客蝽：Reduvioidea 的进化史，掠食性和食血昆虫的多样化分支

• 批准号: 1655769
• 负责人: Christiane Weirauch
• 金额: $ 66.67万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1655769&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Assassin; bugs; evolutionary; history; Reduvioidea

Evolutionary research explores processes that have shaped biodiversity. With close to 7,000 species known to science, assassin bugs are one of the largest evolutionary lineages of animals where the majority of species hunt other insects. The factors that have allowed assassin bugs to speciate at this scale are unknown, but specializations on certain prey organisms and transitions into a variety of terrestrial habitats are assumed to have contributed to this phenomenon. These hypotheses have largely remained untested, because comprehensive evolutionary trees are unavailable. Assassin bugs include beneficial species used to control plant pests, pollinator predators, and powerful human disease vectors that transmit the causative agent of Chagas disease. An international team led by researchers at the University of California, Riverside will investigate the evolutionary history of assassin bugs, tying together extensive genetic and morphological data with innovative approaches to gather natural history data. One postdoctoral researcher and one PhD student will be trained, several undergraduate researchers will engage in research and outreach, and two short courses on true bug biodiversity will train students, researchers, and others involved in agricultural and public health related research and monitoring. Existing phylogenies of the assassin bugs or Reduvioidea are inadequate to address many evolutionary questions, the paucity of well-described fossils has made it difficult to establish timelines for events including the transition from predatory to blood-feeding life styles, and the classification of Reduvioidea is in disarray. This project will: 1) test phylogenetic hypotheses with emphasis on the poorly resolved Higher Reduviidae and contentious relationships of the hematophagous Chagas disease vectors Triatominae, while maximizing taxonomic coverage and integrating transcriptomic, anchored hybrid enrichment, traditional molecular, and morphological datasets; 2) describe and redescribe fossil reduvioids to bridge taxonomic and geological gaps in the fossil record and test hypotheses on the timing of key biological events; 3) apply metabarcoding approaches to assassin bug gut contents to complement available prey data; 4) study diversification across Reduvioidea, focusing on hypotheses of diversification rate shifts and correlated key innovations, and morphological, physiological, and ecological traits involved in the transition between predation and blood-feeding; 5) use the phylogenetic information generated during this project to propose a new classification of Reduvioidea.

进化研究探索塑造生物多样性的过程。科学界已知的刺蝽有近 7,000 种，是最大的动物进化谱系之一，其中大多数物种捕食其他昆虫。导致刺蝽以这种规模形成物种的因素尚不清楚，但人们认为对某些猎物生物体的专门化以及向各种陆地栖息地的过渡促成了这种现象。这些假设在很大程度上尚未得到检验，因为无法获得全面的进化树。刺蝽包括用于控制植物害虫、传粉媒介捕食者的有益物种，以及传播恰加斯病病原体的强大人类疾病媒介。由加州大学河滨分校的研究人员领导的一个国际团队将研究暗蝽的进化史，将广泛的遗传和形态数据与收集自然历史数据的创新方法结合起来。将培训一名博士后研究员和一名博士生，几名本科生研究人员将从事研究和推广，两门关于真正的昆虫生物多样性的短期课程将培训学生、研究人员和其他参与农业和公共卫生相关研究和监测的人员。刺蝽或 Reduvioidea 的现有系统发育不足以解决许多进化问题，缺乏详细描述的化石使得很难确定事件的时间表，包括从掠食性生活方式向吸血生活方式的转变，并且 Reduvioidea 的分类是混乱中。该项目将：1）测试系统发育假说，重点是难以解决的高等红蝽科和食血恰加斯病媒介锥蝽亚科的有争议的关系，同时最大化分类覆盖范围并整合转录组、锚定杂交富集、传统分子和形态学数据集； 2）描述和重新描述类化石，以弥合化石记录中的分类学和地质学差距，并测试关于关键生物事件发生时间的假设； 3) 将元条形码方法应用于刺客虫肠道内容，以补充可用的猎物数据； 4）研究Reduvioidea的多样化，重点关注多样化率变化的假设和相关的关键创新，以及捕食和吸血之间过渡所涉及的形态、生理和生态特征； 5）利用本项目期间产生的系统发育信息提出 Reduvioidea 的新分类。

项目成果

Crowdsourced online images provide insights into predator-prey interactions of putative natural enemies

众包在线图像提供了对假定天敌的捕食者与猎物相互作用的见解

• DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2019.e00126
• 发表时间: 2019-01
• 期刊: Food webs
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Hernandez, Madison;Masonick, Paul;Weirauch, C.
• 通讯作者: Weirauch, C.

Untangling the assassin's web: Phylogeny and classification of the spider‐associated Emesine complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

解开刺客之网：蜘蛛相关 Emesine 复合体的系统发育和分类（半翅目：Reduviidae）

• DOI: 10.1111/syen.12603
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Systematic Entomology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Standring, S.;Forero, D.;Weirauch, C.
• 通讯作者: Weirauch, C.

Pseudocetherinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) revisited: phylogeny and taxonomy of the lobe-headed bugs

重新审视 Pseudocetherinae（半翅目：Reduviidae）：叶头虫的系统发育和分类学

• DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.788.1625
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: European Journal of Taxonomy
• 影响因子: 1.2
• 作者: Castillo, S. E.;Redei, D.;and Weirauch, C.
• 通讯作者: and Weirauch, C.

No guts, no glory: Gut content metabarcoding unveils the diet of a flower‐associated coastal sage scrub predator

没有胆量，就没有荣耀：肠道内容元条形码揭示了与花有关的沿海鼠尾草灌木捕食者的饮食

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2712
• 发表时间: 2019-05-01
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Paul K. Masonick;Madison Hern;ez;ez;C. Weirauch
• 通讯作者: C. Weirauch

Taxonomic revision of the Apiomerus maya species group (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae)

Apiomerus maya 物种组的分类学修订（异翅目：Reduviidae：Harpactorinae）

• DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5154.5.3
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Zootaxa
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: MASONICK, PAUL;WEIRAUCH, CHRISTIANE
• 通讯作者: WEIRAUCH, CHRISTIANE