CAREER: Cosmology with the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS)

职业：宇宙学大角尺度测量员（CLASS）

• 批准号: 1654494
• 负责人: Tobias Marriage
• 金额: $ 57.25万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-01 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1654494&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Cosmology; Large; Angular; Scale

The primary goal of this CAREER project is to understand how the universe began. The leading theory of the beginning, called Inflation theory, predicts the creation of gravitational waves spanning the observable universe. These waves would have left a unique signature in the polarization of light from the early universe. Discovery and characterization of this signature would open a new window to the early universe and also connect quantum mechanics with gravity, an objective at the frontier of physics. To accomplish these goals, this project will realize the most transformative and broadest reaching cosmological analysis of a unique polarization measurement with the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS). By sponsoring the cosmological research of the PhD students who built and operated CLASS, the project trains the next generation of trailblazing scientists. It also builds a bridge for inclusive research and coursework at the undergraduate level. Public talks, school visits, and online media further engage the broader community in the exciting science of the early universe. This CAREER project will achieve the most transformative and broadest reaching cosmology from a unique microwave polarization measurement with the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS). The primary goal is to detect and accurately characterize the imprint of Inflationary gravitational waves in the B-mode polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Another goal is to make a cosmic-variance limited measurement of the CMB E-mode polarization on the largest angular scales to pin down reionization. The CLASS survey is unique: It is the only large scale measurement with broad frequency coverage that probes the full range of angular scales on which inflation and reionization leave their strongest signatures. This study will characterize the primordial B-modes using both reionization and recombination signals across 70% of the sky from 40 to 220 GHz, eliminating systematic errors and testing predictions for the angular spectrum shape and isotropy of the inflationary signal. Because the public survey data will overlap other large-scale surveys from the radio to the X-ray, the scientific legacy of the survey will greatly extend its intellectual merits. An important impact will be the fostering of the next generation of scientists. The project supports cosmological capstone research for graduate students who have built and operated the telescopes. It also builds a bridge for inclusive research and coursework at the undergraduate level. Public talks, school visits, and online media further engage the broader community in the exciting science of the early universe.

这个职业项目的主要目标是了解宇宙是如何开始的。最初的主导理论被称为暴胀理论，它预测了跨越可观测宇宙的引力波的产生。这些波会在早期宇宙的光偏振中留下独特的特征。这一特征的发现和表征将为了解早期宇宙打开一扇新的窗口，并将量子力学与引力联系起来，这是物理学前沿的一个目标。为了实现这些目标，该项目将利用宇宙学大角尺度测量仪（CLASS）对独特的偏振测量进行最具变革性和最广泛的宇宙学分析。通过资助创建和运营 CLASS 的博士生的宇宙学研究，该项目培养了下一代开拓性科学家。它还为本科阶段的包容性研究和课程作业搭建了一座桥梁。公开演讲、学校参观和在线媒体进一步让更广泛的社区参与到令人兴奋的早期宇宙科学中。该职业项目将通过宇宙学大角尺度测量仪（CLASS）进行独特的微波偏振测量，实现最具变革性和最广泛的宇宙学。主要目标是探测并准确表征宇宙微波背景 (CMB) B 模式偏振中暴胀引力波的印记。另一个目标是在最大角度尺度上对 CMB E 模式偏振进行宇宙方差有限测量，以确定再电离。 CLASS 调查是独一无二的：它是唯一具有广泛频率覆盖范围的大规模测量，可探测暴胀和再电离在其上留下最强特征的全方位角尺度。这项研究将使用 40 至 220 GHz 范围内 70% 天空的再电离和复合信号来表征原始 B 模式，消除系统误差并测试对角谱形状和暴胀信号各向同性的预测。由于公共调查数据将与从无线电到 X 射线的其他大规模调查重叠，因此该调查的科学遗产将极大地扩展其智力价值。一个重要的影响将是培养下一代科学家。该项目支持建造和操作望远镜的研究生进行宇宙学顶峰研究。它还为本科阶段的包容性研究和课程作业搭建了一座桥梁。公开演讲、学校参观和在线媒体进一步让更广泛的社区参与到令人兴奋的早期宇宙科学中。

项目成果

Two-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: 40 GHz Telescope Pointing, Beam Profile, Window Function, and Polarization Performance

两年宇宙学大角尺度测量仪 (CLASS) 观测：40 GHz 望远镜指向、光束轮廓、窗函数和偏振性能

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab76c2
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Xu, Zhilei;Brewer, Michael K.;Rojas, Pedro Fluxá;Li, Yunyang;Osumi, Keisuke;Pradenas, Bastián;Ali, Aamir;Appel, John W.;Bennett, Charles L.;Bustos, Ricardo;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands

四年宇宙学大角尺度测量仪 (CLASS) 观测：40、90、150 和 220 GHz 频段的空中接收器性能

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac397c
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Dahal, Sumit;Appel, John W.;Datta, Rahul;Brewer, Michael K.;Ali, Aamir;Bennett, Charles L.;Bustos, Ricardo;Chan, Manwei;Chuss, David T.;Cleary, Joseph;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Two-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: A Measurement of Circular Polarization at 40 GHz

两年宇宙学大角尺度测量仪 (CLASS) 观测：40 GHz 圆偏振测量

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab61f8
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Padilla, Ivan L.;Eimer, Joseph R.;Li, Yunyang;Addison, Graeme E.;Ali, Aamir;Appel, John W.;Bennett, Charles L.;Bustos, Ricardo;Brewer, Michael K.;Chan, Manwei;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Design and characterization of new 90 GHz detectors for the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS)

用于宇宙学大角尺度测量仪 (CLASS) 的新型 90 GHz 探测器的设计和表征

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2630081
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy XI
• 作者: Nunez, Carolina;Appel, John W.;Bruno, Sarah Marie;Datta, Rahul;Ali, Aamir;Bennett, Charles L.;Dahal, Sumit;Denes Couto, Jullianna;Denis, Kevin;Eimer, Joseph;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Long-timescale stability in CMB observations at multiple frequencies using front-end polarization modulation

使用前端偏振调制在多个频率下实现 CMB 观测的长时标稳定性

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2629723
• 发表时间: 2022-08
• 期刊: and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy XI
• 作者: Cleary, Joseph;Datta, Rahul;Appel, John;Bennet, Charles;Chuss, David;Denes Couto, Julliana;Dahal, Sumit;Espinoza, Francisco;Essinger;Harrington, Kathleen;et al
• 通讯作者: et al