Intrinsic Residual Stresses in 3D Woven Composites: Measurement, Modeling, and Mitigation of Their Impact on Properties

3D 编织复合材料中的固有残余应力：测量、建模以及减轻其对性能的影响

• 批准号: 1662098
• 负责人: Igor Tsukrov
• 金额: $ 49.2万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1662098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Intrinsic; Residual; Stresses; 3D; Woven

Three-dimensional (3D) woven composites are a relatively new class of materials that show great promise as an alternative to the traditional metallic materials used in the aerospace, renewable energy and automotive industries. The material exhibits exciting properties including higher toughness, greatly enhanced strength, and better fatigue resistance compared to the traditional laminated composites. 3D woven composites can also be manufactured into large, complex shapes that were previously unattainable using laminates. However, the reinforcement complexity that is responsible for the improved properties presents researchers and engineers with new challenges. It has been observed that processing of some polymer matrix 3D woven composites results in development of microcracks. The damage occurs as a result of high residual stresses that develop during cooling of the composites after curing due to the mismatch in the properties between the material constituents. This award supports research to understand the fundamental scientific phenomena controlling these residual stresses, their magnitudes and distributions within the composites, and how these in turn affect material performance under cyclic loading. The research will be incorporated into teaching environments including classroom instruction, and direct involvement of undergraduate and graduate students in hands-on research opportunities.This award supports novel study of intrinsic residual stresses in 3D woven polymer matrix composites. The research calls for creation of new experimental and numerical methods including the following: 1) incremental hole-drilling method combined with electronic speckle pattern interferometry and Raman spectroscopy for microscale residual stress estimation; 2) inverse finite element analysis method to relate experimentally determined strains in the fibers and high resolution displacement field measurements resulting from material removal (holes and slits) to the spatially varying stress field in the composite; 3) evaluation of modifications to the industry-standard curing cycle to lower the residual stresses in the epoxy-matrix composites; 4) detailed mechanical testing of 3D woven composites with known magnitudes of the residual stresses to determine their effect on monotonic and cyclic mechanical properties the composites. The project will advance the fundamental understanding of the development mechanisms and strategies for mitigation of the residual stresses and related damage in 3D woven composites, which will lead to improvements in technology of manufacturing and better performance of these materials for a broad range of industrial applications.

三维（3D）编织的复合材料是一种相对较新的材料，可以替代航空航天中使用的传统金属材料，可再生能源和汽车行业的传统金属材料。与传统的层压复合材料相比，该材料具有令人兴奋的特性，包括更高的韧性，极大的增强强度和更好的疲劳性抗性。 3D编织复合材料也可以制造成大型，复杂的形状，这些形状以前是使用层压板无法实现的。但是，导致改善性能的增强复杂性为研究人员和工程师带来了新的挑战。已经观察到，某些聚合物基质3D机织合材料的处理导致微裂纹的发展。由于材料成分之间的性质不匹配而导致复合材料冷却过程中在复合材料冷却过程中产生的高残余应力会导致损伤。该奖项支持研究，以了解控制这些残留应力，它们在复合材料中的幅度和分布的基本科学现象，以及这些现象如何影响循环载荷下的材料性能。这项研究将纳入教学环境中，包括课堂教学，并直接参与本科和研究生的动手研究机会。该奖项支持3D编织聚合物基质材料中内在残留应力的新研究。该研究要求创建新的实验和数值方法，包括以下几种方法：1）增量孔钻孔方法与电子斑点模式干涉法和拉曼光谱法相结合，以进行微观的残留应力估计； 2）将纤维中实验确定的菌株和高分辨率位移磁场测量结果与材料去除（孔和缝隙）与复合材料中的空间变化的应力场相关联； 3）评估对行业标准固化循环的修改，以降低环氧基质复合材料中的残余应力； 4）详细的机械测试对3D编织复合材料具有已知的残余应力幅度，以确定它们对复合材料的单调和环状机械性能的影响。该项目将进一步了解3D编织复合材料中缓解剩余应力和相关损害的发展机制和策略的基本理解，这将导致制造技术的改进以及这些材料的更好性能，以实现广泛的工业应用。

项目成果

Effect of Pick Spacing and Warp and Weft Volume Fraction on Intrinsic Residual Stresses in 3D Woven Composites

纬纱间距和经纬体积分数对 3D 编织复合材料固有残余应力的影响

• DOI: 10.12783/asc34/31354
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 34th ASC Technical Conference
• 作者: Gross, Todd;Buntrock, Hilary;Vasylevskyi, Kostiantyn;Tsukrov, Igor;Drach, Borys
• 通讯作者: Drach, Borys

Applicability of two-step homogenization to high-crimp woven composites

• DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111157
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Composite Structures
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Higor Galdino da Silva;Kostiantyn Vasylevskyi;B. Drach;I. Tsukrov

Utilizing numerical models to identify process-induced residual stresses in 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites

• DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/406/1/012030
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
• 作者: I. Tsukrov;Kostiantyn Vasylevskyi;B. Drach;H. Buntrock;T. Gross

Identification of process-induced residual stresses in 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites by combination of FEA and blind hole drilling

• DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105734
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Kostiantyn Vasylevskyi;I. Tsukrov;B. Drach;H. Buntrock;T. Gross

Prediction of Damage Initiation and Simulation of Damage Propagation in 3D Woven Composites during Processing

3D 编织复合材料加工过程中损伤起始的预测和损伤传播的模拟

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Proceedings of the American Society for Composites Technical Conference
• 作者: Kuksenko, D.;Drach, B;Tsukrov, I.
• 通讯作者: Tsukrov, I.