Intrinsic Residual Stresses in 3D Woven Composites: Measurement, Modeling, and Mitigation of Their Impact on Properties

3D 编织复合材料中的固有残余应力：测量、建模以及减轻其对性能的影响

• 批准号: 1662098
• 负责人: Igor Tsukrov
• 金额: $ 49.2万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1662098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Intrinsic; Residual; Stresses; 3D; Woven

Three-dimensional (3D) woven composites are a relatively new class of materials that show great promise as an alternative to the traditional metallic materials used in the aerospace, renewable energy and automotive industries. The material exhibits exciting properties including higher toughness, greatly enhanced strength, and better fatigue resistance compared to the traditional laminated composites. 3D woven composites can also be manufactured into large, complex shapes that were previously unattainable using laminates. However, the reinforcement complexity that is responsible for the improved properties presents researchers and engineers with new challenges. It has been observed that processing of some polymer matrix 3D woven composites results in development of microcracks. The damage occurs as a result of high residual stresses that develop during cooling of the composites after curing due to the mismatch in the properties between the material constituents. This award supports research to understand the fundamental scientific phenomena controlling these residual stresses, their magnitudes and distributions within the composites, and how these in turn affect material performance under cyclic loading. The research will be incorporated into teaching environments including classroom instruction, and direct involvement of undergraduate and graduate students in hands-on research opportunities.This award supports novel study of intrinsic residual stresses in 3D woven polymer matrix composites. The research calls for creation of new experimental and numerical methods including the following: 1) incremental hole-drilling method combined with electronic speckle pattern interferometry and Raman spectroscopy for microscale residual stress estimation; 2) inverse finite element analysis method to relate experimentally determined strains in the fibers and high resolution displacement field measurements resulting from material removal (holes and slits) to the spatially varying stress field in the composite; 3) evaluation of modifications to the industry-standard curing cycle to lower the residual stresses in the epoxy-matrix composites; 4) detailed mechanical testing of 3D woven composites with known magnitudes of the residual stresses to determine their effect on monotonic and cyclic mechanical properties the composites. The project will advance the fundamental understanding of the development mechanisms and strategies for mitigation of the residual stresses and related damage in 3D woven composites, which will lead to improvements in technology of manufacturing and better performance of these materials for a broad range of industrial applications.

三维 (3D) 编织复合材料是一类相对较新的材料，作为航空航天、可再生能源和汽车行业使用的传统金属材料的替代品，显示出巨大的前景。与传统层压复合材料相比，该材料表现出令人兴奋的性能，包括更高的韧性、大大增强的强度和更好的抗疲劳性。 3D 编织复合材料还可以制造成大型、复杂的形状，这是以前使用层压板无法实现的。然而，增强性能的复杂性给研究人员和工程师带来了新的挑战。据观察，某些聚合物基体 3D 编织复合材料的加工会导致微裂纹的产生。这种损坏是由于材料成分之间的性能不匹配而在复合材料固化后冷却过程中产生的高残余应力造成的。该奖项支持研究了解控制这些残余应力的基本科学现象、它们在复合材料中的大小和分布，以及这些残余应力如何影响循环载荷下的材料性能。该研究将纳入教学环境，包括课堂教学以及本科生和研究生直接参与实践研究的机会。该奖项支持 3D 编织聚合物基复合材料中固有残余应力的新颖研究。该研究呼吁创建新的实验和数值方法，包括：1）增量钻孔方法结合电子散斑干涉测量和拉曼光谱进行微尺度残余应力估计； 2) 逆向有限元分析方法，将实验确定的纤维应变和材料去除（孔和狭缝）产生的高分辨率位移场测量与复合材料中空间变化的应力场联系起来； 3）评估对行业标准固化周期的修改，以降低环氧树脂基复合材料中的残余应力； 4) 对具有已知残余应力大小的 3D 编织复合材料进行详细的机械测试，以确定它们对复合材料的单调和循环机械性能的影响。该项目将增进对减轻 3D 编织复合材料残余应力和相关损伤的开发机制和策略的基本了解，这将导致制造技术的改进和这些材料在广泛工业应用中的更好性能。

项目成果

Effect of Pick Spacing and Warp and Weft Volume Fraction on Intrinsic Residual Stresses in 3D Woven Composites

纬纱间距和经纬体积分数对 3D 编织复合材料固有残余应力的影响

• DOI: 10.12783/asc34/31354
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 34th ASC Technical Conference
• 作者: Gross, Todd;Buntrock, Hilary;Vasylevskyi, Kostiantyn;Tsukrov, Igor;Drach, Borys
• 通讯作者: Drach, Borys

Applicability of two-step homogenization to high-crimp woven composites

• DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111157
• 发表时间: 2019-06
• 期刊: Composite Structures
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Higor Galdino da Silva;Kostiantyn Vasylevskyi;B. Drach;I. Tsukrov

Utilizing numerical models to identify process-induced residual stresses in 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites

• DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/406/1/012030
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
• 作者: I. Tsukrov;Kostiantyn Vasylevskyi;B. Drach;H. Buntrock;T. Gross

Identification of process-induced residual stresses in 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites by combination of FEA and blind hole drilling

• DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105734
• 发表时间: 2020-03
• 期刊: Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Kostiantyn Vasylevskyi;I. Tsukrov;B. Drach;H. Buntrock;T. Gross

Prediction of Damage Initiation and Simulation of Damage Propagation in 3D Woven Composites during Processing

3D 编织复合材料加工过程中损伤起始的预测和损伤传播的模拟

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Proceedings of the American Society for Composites Technical Conference
• 作者: Kuksenko, D.;Drach, B;Tsukrov, I.
• 通讯作者: Tsukrov, I.