Doctoral Dissertation Research: Translating Hopi: Language Revitalization, Knowledge, and Property

博士论文研究：霍皮语翻译：语言复兴、知识和财产

• 批准号: 1658333
• 负责人: Justin Richland
• 金额: $ 1.59万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1658333&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Translating; Hopi

The research funded by this award will investigate the potential for language preservation efforts to serve the needs of both scientists, who may lead the language documentation and revitalization efforts, and native speakers, whose cultures may mandate that they have sole control over their linguistic patrimony. Language preservation is scientifically important because it provides the raw materials for learning about the full range of human capacities. Languages also provide important clues to the history of humanity on earth. But individual languages are the knowledge-property of particular peoples whose own needs and goals may be quite different. Therefore, findings from this research will be important to scientists, language speakers, and language revitalization specialists throughout the United States and beyond.The research will be undertaken by Hannah McElgunn, a doctoral student in the Departments of Anthropology and Linguistics at the University of Chicago, who is supervised by Dr. Justin Richland. McElgunn will focus on an important indigenous American language, that of the Hopi people, as a case study through which to explore how different claims to know, own, and control a language may converge or conflict as scholars, tribal staff, and language teachers and learners are drawn together in language revitalization efforts. The Hopi language provides a particularly apt locus for this study because most tribal members think of their language as their exclusive knowledge-property. With this knowledge-property comes the privilege and responsibility to pass it down. Further, revitalization activities on the Hopi reservation include not only classroom teaching and learning of the language, but negotiations with archival institutions about how to manage the circulation and availability of past language documentation work. What kinds of knowledge, property, and ways of relating to language are produced through language revitalization initiatives as a result of this convergence? Can these be extended with concomitant modification into new environments, encompassing new people and textual objects, rather than closing off access? These crucial questions will be explored through twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and participant observation on the Hopi reservation and at off-reservation archives.

该奖项资助的研究将调查语言保护工作的潜力，以满足科学家和母语人士的需求，科学家可能领导语言记录和振兴工作，而母语人士的文化可能要求他们对自己的语言遗产拥有唯一的控制权。语言保存在科学上很重要，因为它为了解人类的全部能力提供了原材料。语言还为了解地球上人类的历史提供了重要线索。但个别语言是特定民族的知识财产，这些民族的需求和目标可能截然不同。因此，这项研究的结果对于美国及其他地区的科学家、语言使用者和语言复兴专家来说都很重要。这项研究将由芝加哥大学人类学和语言学系的博士生 Hannah McElgunn 承担。 ，由 Justin Richland 博士监督。麦克埃尔冈将重点关注一种重要的美洲原住民语言，即霍皮人的语言，作为案例研究，通过该案例研究，学者、部落工作人员和语言教师和教师对了解、拥有和控制一种语言的不同主张如何会趋同或冲突。学习者聚集在一起，共同致力于语言振兴。霍皮语为这项研究提供了一个特别合适的场所，因为大多数部落成员认为他们的语言是他们独有的知识财产。 有了这种知识财产，就有了将其传承下去的特权和责任。此外，霍皮族保留地的振兴活动不仅包括课堂教学和语言学习，还包括与档案机构就如何管理过去语言文献工作的流通和可用性进行谈判。作为这种融合的结果，通过语言振兴举措产生了哪些类型的知识、财产和与语言相关的方式？这些可以通过伴随修改扩展到新的环境中，包含新的人和文本对象，而不是关闭访问吗？这些关键问题将通过十二个月的人种学实地考察、访谈以及对霍皮族保留地和非保留地档案馆的参与观察来探索。