Collaborative Research: Phylogenetic Systematics and the Evolution of Reproductive Innovation in an Adaptive Radiation of Limnonectes Fanged Frogs

合作研究：系统发育系统学和Limnonectes尖牙蛙适应性辐射中生殖创新的进化

• 批准号: 1652988
• 负责人: Jimmy McGuire
• 金额: $ 50.02万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1652988&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Phylogenetic; Systematics; Evolution; Collaborative; Research; Phylogenetic; Systematics; Evolution

When a species reaches an unoccupied area such as a newly formed island, there is an opportunity for that single colonizer to radiate into a large number of species that exploit the multitude of otherwise unoccupied niches. These so-called 'adaptive radiations' are of profound interest to evolutionary biologists because they often dramatically exemplify some of the more important features of the evolutionary process, including rapid diversification of species, the evolution of complex adaptive traits, and the mechanisms by which recently derived species avoid competition with one another - as well as hybridization. Well-characterized adaptive radiations are relatively rare, and tend to be studied intensively by organismal biologists once they have become established as model systems for study. Examples of classical adaptive radiations include Darwin's Finches, the Hawaiian Silversword alliance of plants, and the cichlid fish radiation endemic to the East African Great Lakes. This project will characterize a newly discovered adaptive radiation involving Southeast Asian frogs, while allowing for a detailed study of biological diversification in an understudied region of the world. The researchers will promote STEM engagement of underrepresented minorities, especially students and early-career researchers. This award is cofunded by the Office of International Science and Engineering because it will advance data sharing and data interoperability across national boundaries.This research will characterize in detail the diversification history of an as yet underappreciated putative adaptive radiation the Limnonectes fanged frogs of the large Indonesian island of Sulawesi and the adjacent Philippines Archipelago. This assemblage of ~40 species (most of which have not yet been formally named) exhibits many of the features that often characterize adaptive radiations. For example, Limnonectes exhibit more than 350-fold variation in adult body size, with lineages ranging in size from 2 grams to more than 700 grams, and many independent derivations of small, medium, large, and giant forms. Communities of six or more sympatric species occur throughout Sulawesi and the Philippines, and these species assemblages appear to partition microhabitats, exhibit phenotypes that correlate with microhabitat specializations, and vary dramatically in reproductive mode. This study will first establish a phylogenetic framework for this assemblage using an exome-capture Next-Generation Sequencing approach. In the context of this phylogeny, it will then provide analyses of body size evolution, test for correlations between phenotypic traits (both morphological and physiological) with microhabitat specializations, describe in detail the species by species reproductive diversity exemplified by this group, and provide an analysis of vocalization behavioral diversity. This research will be fully characterizing ecological drivers of this radiation, as well as the morphological, physiological, and life history features associated with the assemblage's remarkable diversification in insular Southeast Asia. This project will expand our breath of knowledge on how organisms take advantage of new ecological opportunities to diversify, and how adaptations of vast physiological differences between closely related species can evolve very quickly due to competition.

当一个物种到达新形成的岛屿等空地的区域时，单个殖民者有机会辐射成大量的物种，这些物种利用了许多原本没有占地的壁nik。这些所谓的“适应性辐射”对进化生物学家具有深远的兴趣，因为它们经常大大举例说明了进化过程的一些更重要的特征，包括物种的快速多样化，复杂的适应性性状的进化以及最近衍生的物种的机制避免了竞争 - 彼此之间遇到了竞争 - 以及造影症。特征良好的适应性辐射相对较少，一旦有机生物学家成为研究模型系统，就会由生物学家对其进行深入研究。古典自适应辐射的例子包括达尔文的雀科，夏威夷银牌植物联盟以及东非大湖区特有的丽鱼科鱼辐射。该项目将表征新发现的涉及东南亚青蛙的自适应辐射，同时允许对世界研究所研究的生物多样化进行详细研究。 研究人员将促进代表不足的少数群体的STEM参与，尤其是学生和早期研究人员。该奖项由国际科学与工程办公室造成了辅助，因为它将提高数据共享和数据互操作性。这项研究将详细描述尚未被低估的推定适应性辐射的多元化历史。大约40种（其中大多数尚未正式命名）的组合表现出许多通常表征适应性辐射的特征。例如，Limnonectes在成人体型中表现出超过350倍的变化，谱系的大小从2克到700克不等，许多独立的小型，中等，大型，大和巨型形式的独立推导。六个或更多同胞物种的群落都发生在苏拉威西和菲律宾，这些物种的组合似乎分割为微生境，表现出与微栖息地的专业相关的表型，并且在生殖模式下发生了巨大变化。这项研究将首先使用外部捕获的下一代测序方法为该组合建立系统发育框架。在这种系统发育的背景下，它将提供对体型演化的分析，测试表型性状（形态学和生理学）与微栖息地的特殊性之间的相关性，并详细描述了该小组中的物种生殖多样性的物种，并提供了对声学行为多样性的分析。这项研究将充分表征这种辐射的生态驱动因素，以及与组合在岛上东南亚的非凡多样化相关的形态，生理和生活史特征。该项目将扩大有关生物如何利用新的生态机会多样化的知识的呼吸，以及密切相关物种之间巨大生理差异的适应如何由于竞争而迅速发展。