CAREER: Revealing the characteristics of high Reynolds number wakes with rotation

职业：揭示高雷诺数旋转尾流的特征

• 批准号: 1652583
• 负责人: Marcus Hultmark
• 金额: $ 55万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1652583&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Revealing; characteristics; Reynolds; number; CAREER; Revealing; characteristics; Reynolds; number

This project aims to reveal and characterize the behavior of the flow behind large rotating machines, such as wind or tidal turbines, as well as interactions between such machines. This will be achieved by the combination of a unique experimental flow facility and numerical modeling. Since these machines are typically very large, one needs to accurately account for effects due to inertia and rotation of the flow in model tests and simulations. By using a unique high-pressure flow facility, in combination with state of the art instrumentation, the details of the flow behind a wind turbine will be studied under conditions identical to those of a full scale modern wind or tidal turbine. This work will bridge the gap between previous laboratory research, numerical models, field experiments and the real-world applications, answering open fundamental questions about the scaling of the flow characteristics, as well as the power output and forces acting on the turbine. Furthermore, the numerical component of the project will allow us to perform unique comparisons and evaluation of available models and to improve these modeling approaches further. Improved models can in term result in more cost-efficient designs as well as a better understanding of maintenance guidelines. The primary objective of the proposed research program is to reveal and characterize the morphology and fundamental scaling of wakes generated by rotating machinery over an unprecedented range of Reynolds numbers. The research will enable a unique insight into the details of wakes created by wind and hydrokinetic turbines, which traditionally has not been possible in controlled environments. The combination of high Reynolds numbers and rotation makes attempts to accurately simulate these flows very challenging. The proposed research will combine a recently developed experimental test facility, a custom designed Particle Image Velocimetry system, and novel nanoscale sensors to enable detailed and accurate characterization of the fluid mechanics within rotating wakes. Focus will be aimed at providing knowledge that can improve our ability to model and predict the performance and interactions between these kinds of machines. The proposed research program will permit us to bridge the current gap between previous laboratory research, numerical models, field experiments and the real-world applications, answering open fundamental questions about the scaling and dynamics of the momentum distribution, turbulent fluctuations, structure and meandering of the wake as well as scalability of conventional research efforts.The main objective of the education part of the proposed project is to integrate design into an introductory engineering laboratory course, in order to give the students ownership of the labs and teach them modern engineering tools in an interdisciplinary fashion. The new course will challenge the students to build their own tools and test benches from robust, low cost and open source components to test their ideas and the concepts they have read about. The format of the proposed laboratory course is such that it can be easily adopted by other educators and will be cost efficient.

该项目旨在揭示和表征大型旋转机器（例如风或潮汐涡轮机）以及此类机器之间的相互作用的流动行为。这将通过独特的实验流动设施和数值建模的结合来实现。由于这些机器通常非常大，因此需要准确地说明由于模型测试和仿真中流量旋转而引起的效果。通过使用独特的高压流动设施，结合最先进的仪器的状态，将在风力涡轮机背后的流动细节在与全尺度现代风或潮汐涡轮机相同的条件下进行研究。这项工作将弥合先前的实验室研究，数值模型，现场实验和现实世界应用之间的差距，从而回答有关流动特性缩放的开放基本问题，以及作用在涡轮机上的功率输出和力量。此外，该项目的数值组成部分将使我们能够对可用模型进行独特的比较和评估，并进一步改善这些建模方法。改进的模型可以在学期中产生更具成本效益的设计，并更好地了解维护准则。 拟议的研究计划的主要目的是揭示和表征通过旋转机械在前所未有的雷诺数范围内旋转机械产生的唤醒的形态和基本缩放。这项研究将使风力和基本涡轮机创建的唤醒细节具有独特的见解，而这些涡轮机传统上在受控环境中不可能。高雷诺数和旋转的组合使尝试准确模拟这些流动非常具有挑战性。拟议的研究将结合一个最近开发的实验测试设施，定制设计的粒子图像速度计和新型的纳米级传感器，以促进旋转唤醒内流体力学的详细和准确表征。重点将旨在提供可以提高我们建模和预测这些机器之间性能和相互作用的能力的知识。拟议的研究计划将使我们能够弥合先前的实验室研究，数值模型，现场实验和现实世界中的当前差距，回答有关动量分布的缩放和动态的开放基本问题实验室的所有权，并以跨学科的方式教他们现代工程工具。新课程将挑战学生建立自己的工具，并从健壮，低成本和开源组件中测试长凳，以测试他们的想法和所阅读的概念。 拟议的实验室课程的格式使得其他教育者可以轻松地采用它，并且具有成本效益。