ELT Collaborative Research: Causes and effects of the Permian-Triassic biotic crisis inferred from continental margin sections and modelling

ELT 合作研究：从大陆边缘剖面和建模推断二叠纪-三叠纪生物危机的原因和影响

• 批准号: 1636625
• 负责人: Christopher Fielding
• 金额: $ 40.02万
• 依托单位: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1636625&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ELT; Collaborative; Research; Causes; effects

The end-Permian mass extinction (EPME) was the most severe biotic crisis in the past 540 million years of Earth history. This project aims to identify the timing, nature, and causes of paleoenvironmental stresses leading up to and following the EPME, focusing on well-exposed sedimentary successions exposed in eastern Australia, and supported by climate modelling studies. The project will integrate data from several disciplines to explore the hypotheses that a) the EPME was part of a longer-term crisis that followed earlier events in the Middle-Late Permian, b) the crisis was not manifested simultaneously across the paleolatitudes, and c) continental ecosystems responded to the crisis in different ways than marine ecosystems. Students will be trained and public displays will be developed at the University of Nebraska State Museum.The EPME has gained relevance as an example of an end-member ecological catastrophe that could potentially be replicated in the future. Coastal settings are among the most densely populated today, yet previous studies of the EPME have focused largely on oceanic and continental interior records. In investigating deposits that accumulated along ~2000 km of coastline spanning temperate to polar latitudes, the proposed project will improve understanding of the response of continental margins to rapid environmental change. This work will potentially transform understanding of the timeframes, driving mechanisms, global variability, and ultimate causes of the most severe global ecologic crisis of the Phanerozoic.

二叠纪末大规模灭绝（EPME）是过去5.4亿年地球历史上最严重的生物危机。该项目旨在确定 EPME 之前和之后古环境压力的时间、性质和原因，重点关注澳大利亚东部暴露良好的沉积层序，并得到气候模拟研究的支持。该项目将整合来自多个学科的数据，以探索以下假设：a) EPME 是继二叠纪中晚期早期事件之后的长期危机的一部分，b) 危机并未在整个古纬度同时显现，c) ）大陆生态系统应对危机的方式与海洋生态系统不同。学生将接受培训，并在内布拉斯加大学州立博物馆进行公共展示。EPME 已成为最终成员生态灾难的一个例子，未来可能会重复。沿海地区是当今人口最稠密的地区之一，但之前对 EPME 的研究主要集中在海洋和大陆内部记录。通过调查横跨温带至极地纬度的约 2000 公里海岸线上堆积的沉积物，拟议项目将增进对大陆边缘对快速环境变化的响应的了解。这项工作将有可能改变人们对显生宙最严重的全球生态危机的时间框架、驱动机制、全球变异性和最终原因的理解。

项目成果

DWELLING IN THE DEAD ZONE—VERTEBRATE BURROWS IMMEDIATELY SUCCEEDING THE END-PERMIAN EXTINCTION EVENT IN AUSTRALIA

栖息在死亡地带的脊椎动物洞穴紧随澳大利亚二叠纪末灭绝事件之后

• DOI: 10.2110/palo.2020.007
• 发表时间: 2020-08-31
• 期刊: Palaios
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: S. McLoughlin;C. Mays;V. Vajda;M. Bocking;T. Frank;C. Fielding
• 通讯作者: C. Fielding

Refined Permian−Triassic floristic timeline reveals early collapse and delayed recovery of south polar terrestrial ecosystems

精细的二叠纪至三叠纪植物区系时间表揭示了南极陆地生态系统的早期崩溃和延迟恢复

• DOI: 10.1130/b35355.1
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: GSA Bulletin
• 作者: Mays, Chris;Vajda, Vivi;Frank, Tracy D.;Fielding, Christopher R.;Nicoll, Robert S.;Tevyaw, Allen P.;McLoughlin, Stephen
• 通讯作者: McLoughlin, Stephen

Pace, magnitude, and nature of terrestrial climate change through the end-Permian extinction in southeastern Gondwana

冈瓦纳东南部二叠纪末灭绝期间陆地气候变化的速度、幅度和性质

• DOI: 10.1130/g48795.1
• 发表时间: 2021-04-30
• 期刊: Geology
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: T. Frank;E. al.
• 通讯作者: E. al.

Sedimentology of the continental end‐Permian extinction event in the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

大陆末的沉积学——澳大利亚东部悉尼盆地的二叠纪灭绝事件

• DOI: 10.1111/sed.12782
• 发表时间: 2020-07-19
• 期刊: Sedimentology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: C. Fielding;T. Frank;A. Tevyaw;K. Savatic;V. Vajda;S. McLoughlin;C. Mays;R. Nicoll;M. Bocking;J. Crowley
• 通讯作者: J. Crowley

Age and Paleoenvironmental Significance of the Frazer Beach Member—A New Lithostratigraphic Unit Overlying the End-Permian Extinction Horizon in the Sydney Basin, Australia

弗雷泽海滩段的年龄和古环境意义——覆盖澳大利亚悉尼盆地二叠纪末灭绝地平线的新岩石地层单元

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.600976
• 发表时间: 2021-01-08
• 期刊: Chemical Physics Letters
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: S. McLoughlin;R. Nicoll;J. Crowley;V. Vajda;C. Mays;C. Fielding;T. Frank;A. Wheeler;M. Bocking
• 通讯作者: M. Bocking