Formation and Characteristics of Brine-rich Water in the Dry Valleys, Antarctica

南极洲干谷富盐水的形成及特征

基本信息

批准号：
1643550
负责人：
Ronald Sletten
金额：
$ 20.85万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-15 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1643550&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Formation Characteristics Brine rich Water

项目摘要

This study aims to better understand salt accumulation in cold deserts and develop a model of salt transport by groundwater. Cold deserts, like the Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), are similar to hot deserts in that they accumulate high concentrations of salts because there is not enough water to flush the salts out of the soils into the ocean. The accumulation of salt allows for the creation of brine-rich groundwater that freezes at much lower temperatures. Field work will focus on several groundwater features in the MDV including Don Juan Pond, a shallow lake that accumulates extremely high levels of salts and does not freeze until the temperature reaches -51 degrees C (-60 degrees F). The setting offers the potential to better understand this unique water environment including life at its extremes. It also serves as an analog environment for Mars, a planet that is entirely underlain by permafrost, similar to the MDV. This project will support a doctoral student at the University of Washington Department of Earth and Space Sciences, who will be trained in chemical analysis, chemical and physical modeling, and remote field work in a polar desert environment.Past research suggests that the movement of soluble ions in sediment and soil is controlled by the water activity, permeability, and the thermal regime; however, processes controlling the ionic redistribution in Antarctic environments are poorly constrained. This project aims to better understand the formation, salt redistribution, and water activity of pervasive brine-rich groundwater that is enriched in calcium chloride. A primary goal is to develop a brine thermal;reactive;transport model for the MDV region using data collected from the field to constrain model inputs and ground-truth model outputs. The model will develop a Pitzer-type thermodynamic, reactive transport model and couple it to a ground temperature model. The model will test mechanisms of groundwater formation in the MDV and the properties (e.g. composition, temperature, and water activity) of widespread shallow brine-rich waters. Water is an essential ingredient for life and defining processes that control the availability of water is critical for understanding the habitability of extreme environments, including Mars.

这项研究旨在更好地了解寒冷沙漠中的盐分积累，并开发出地下水的盐运输模型。寒冷的沙漠，例如南极McMurdo Dry Valleys（MDV），类似于热沙漠，因为它们会积聚高浓度的盐，因为没有足够的水将盐从土壤中冲洗到海洋中。盐的积累允许产生富含盐水的地下水，该地下水在低得多的温度下冻结。现场工作将集中在MDV中的几个地下水特征上，包括Don Juan Pond，这是一个浅湖，它会累积极高的盐分，直到温度达到-51摄氏度C（-60摄氏度）才冻结。该环境提供了更好地了解这种独特的水环境，包括极端的生活。它也是火星的模拟环境，火星是一个完全由多年冻土的行星，类似于MDV。该项目将支持华盛顿大学地球和太空科学系的博士生，他们将接受化学分析，化学和物理建模的培训，以及在极地沙漠环境中的远程野外工作。PastResearch表明，在沉积物和土壤中可溶性离子的运动受水活性，渗透性和热度状态的控制；但是，控制南极环境中离子重新分布的过程受到限制。该项目旨在更好地了解富含氯化钙的普遍富含盐水的地下水的形成，盐再分配和水活动。一个主要目标是使用从现场收集的数据来开发MDV区域的盐水热；传输模型，以限制模型输入和地面真相模型输出。该模型将开发Pitzer型热力学，反应性传输模型，并将其与地面温度模型相结合。该模型将测试MDV中地下水形成的机制，以及广泛浅水富含盐水的水域的特性（例如成分，温度和水活动）。水是生命的重要组成部分，并定义控制水的可用性对于理解包括火星在内的极端环境的可居住性至关重要。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Silicate weathering in antarctic ice-rich permafrost: Insights using magnesium isotopes

DOI：
10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.031
发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
影响因子：
5
作者：
Cuozzo, Nicolas;Sletten, Ronald S.;Hagedorn, Birgit
通讯作者：
Hagedorn, Birgit

Wet streaks in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Implications for Recurring Slope Lineae on Mars

南极洲麦克默多干谷的湿条纹：对火星上反复出现的斜坡线的影响

DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117582
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Toner, J.D.;Sletten, R.S.;Liu, L.;Catling, D.C.;Ming, D.W.;Mushkin, A.;Lin, P.-C.
通讯作者：
Lin, P.-C.

The geochemistry of Don Juan Pond: Evidence for a deep groundwater flow system in Wright Valley, Antarctica

唐璜池的地球化学：南极洲莱特谷深层地下水流动系统的证据

DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.039
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Toner, J.D.;Catling, D.C.;Sletten, R.S.
通讯作者：
Sletten, R.S.

Salt deliquescence along boulder cracks in the Antarctic Dry Valleys: An overlooked source of moisture for rock weathering processes

南极干谷沿巨石裂缝的盐潮解：岩石风化过程中被忽视的水分来源

DOI：
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Geomorphology
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Ben-Asher, M.;Mushkin, A.;Lensky, N.G.;Amit, R.;Eppes, M.C.;Ming, D.W.;Shelef, E.;Sletten, R.S.
通讯作者：
Sletten, R.S.