CRISP Type 1/Collaborative Research: Sustainable and Resilient Design of Interdependent Water and Energy Systems at the Infrastructure-Human-Resource Nexus

CRISP 类型 1/合作研究：基础设施-人力资源关系中相互依赖的水和能源系统的可持续和弹性设计

• 批准号: 1638268
• 负责人: Bistra Dilkina
• 金额: $ 24.69万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1638268&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRISP; Type; Collaborative; Research; Sustainable

During the last decade, a transition in the water and energy supply paradigm has emerged in many places across the nation and the world. Increasing efforts have been made to integrate decentralized and alternative water and energy systems, such as rainwater collection, greywater recycling, and solar energy systems, into the existing centralized networks (i.e. electrical grid, municipal water supply system). While such integrations could potentially increase the resilience of our water and energy supplies to natural and man-made security threats, decentralized systems often lack economies of scale and hence could present increased environmental and socioeconomic costs depending on technologies and geographic locations. Without careful planning and design of such integrations and enough adoption, they could cause unintended consequences such as over-production, conflicts in resource acquisition, and an overall greater use of resources. Planning and design involves great complexities at multiple scales from individual preferences/choices to water energy systems nexus. This project applies expertise in the areas of computer science/computational sustainability, economics, infrastructure systems analysis, and life cycle assessment in a manner that develops new knowledge of these complexities in an area of critical national need. The work informs decision makers about possible outcomes and tradeoffs in different decentralized water and energy adoption scenarios. The project facilitates the planning and design of decentralized systems, and informs policy development to create more sustainable (lower environmental impacts) and resilient (able to recover from disruption) infrastructure systems for urban communities. This project aims to develop understanding and knowledge of complexities behind the integration of centralized and decentralized water and energy systems under future demographic, climate, and technology scenarios in pursuit of resilience and sustainability. This research uses survey instruments to characterize individual preferences (utility functions) related to (de)centralization of water and energy infrastructure systems; a crowdsourcing platform for time-effective stakeholder engagement and response collection; a spatial agent-based model to develop spatially explicit adoption trajectories and patterns in accordance with utility functions and characteristics of the major metropolitan case study locations; a system dynamics model that considers interactions among infrastructure systems, characterizes measures of resilience and sustainability, and feeds these back to the agent based model; and a cross-scale spatial optimization model to understand and characterize the possible best-case outcomes and to inform design of policies and incentive/disincentive programs. Combined, these methods provide a robust capacity to consider the ways in which future development of energy and water resources can be more or less resilient, have fewer or greater environmental consequences, meet differential demands of human populations, and result in greater or lesser overall resource use. Boston and Atlanta are the testbeds for the modeling framework developed through this project.

在过去的十年中，全国和世界上许多地方都出现了水和能源供应范式的过渡。已努力将分散和替代水和能源系统（例如雨水收集，灰水回收和太阳能系统）整合到现有的集中式网络（即电网，市政供水系统）中。尽管这种整合可能会增加我们对自然和人造安全威胁的水和能源供应的弹性，但分散的系统通常缺乏规模经济，因此，根据技术和地理位置的不同，环境和社会经济成本增加。如果没有仔细的计划和设计此类整合和足够的采用，它们可能会引起意想不到的后果，例如过度生产，资源获取冲突以及总体上更多地利用资源。计划和设计涉及从个人偏好/选择到水能系统Nexus的多个尺度上的巨大复杂性。该项目在计算机科学/计算可持续性，经济学，基础设施系统分析和生命周期评估方面采用专业知识，以在关键的民族需求领域中发展出对这些复杂性的新知识。这项工作向决策者提供了不同分散水和能源采用方案中可能的结果和权衡。该项目促进了分散系统的规划和设计，并告知政策制定，以创造更可持续的（较低的环境影响），并为城市社区的基础设施系统恢复（能够从中断中恢复）。该项目旨在在未来的人口，气候和技术情景下集成集中和分散的水和能源系统的理解和知识，以追求弹性和可持续性。本研究使用调查工具来表征与（DE）水和能源基础设施系统集中化有关的个人偏好（实用功能）；一个众包平台，用于有效的利益相关者参与和响应收集；一个基于空间代理的模型，可根据主要大都市案例研究地点的效用功能和特征来开发空间明确的采用轨迹和模式；一个考虑基础架构系统之间相互作用的系统动力学模型，表征了弹性和可持续性的度量，并将其馈回基于代理的模型；以及一个跨尺度的空间优化模型，以了解和表征可能的最佳结果，并为政策和激励/抑制计划的设计提供信息。结合在一起，这些方法提供了强大的能力来考虑能源和水资源未来发展的方式，或多或少具有弹性，较少或更大的环境后果，满足人口的差异需求，并导致更多或多或少的总体资源使用。波士顿和亚特兰大是通过该项目开发的建模框架的测试床。

项目成果

The energy implication of climate change on urban wastewater systems

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121905
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Masoumeh Khalkhali;W. Mo