Collaborative Research: Developing a profiling glider pH sensor for high resolution coastal ocean acidification monitoring

合作研究：开发用于高分辨率沿海海洋酸化监测的剖面滑翔机 pH 传感器

• 批准号: 1634582
• 负责人: Wei-Jun Cai
• 金额: $ 26.23万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1634582&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Developing; profiling; glider

Ocean acidification (OA) has significant scientific and societal ramifications including the alteration of ocean biogeochemistry, ecological consequences associated with altered ecosystems, and economic losses due to the decreased survival of commercially important organisms. Yet few time series and high resolution spatial and temporal measurements exist to track the existence and movement of low pH and low carbonate saturation (Ù) water, specifically in coastal regions where finfish, lobster, and wild stocks of shellfish are located. Past ocean acidification monitoring efforts (surface buoys with pH or sensors that measure partial pressure of carbon dioxide, or pCO2, flow-through pCO2 systems utilized by research vessels, water column sampling during large field campaigns) have either low spatial resolution (mooring) or high cost and low temporal and spatial resolution (research cruises). Therefore, there is a critical need to deploy new, cost-effective technologies that can routinely provide high resolution water column OA data on regional scales in our coastal ocean. Autonomous underwater profiling gliders have proven to be a robust technology that fulfills this role. A variety of sensors have successfully been mounted on Slocum gliders; however, no direct measurements of ocean pH have been collected by pH sensors mounted on these gliders. The researchers will develop the integrated glider platform and sensor system for sampling pH and possibly Ù in the water column of the coastal ocean on a regional scale. This project will result in a new commercially available glider pH sensor suite that will provide the foundation of what could become a real-time national coastal OA monitoring network with the capability of serving a wide range of users. Additionally, the integration of simultaneous measurements from multiple sensors on one glider will allow one to distinguish interactions between the physics, chemistry, and biology of the ecosystem. The researchers will modify and integrate a deep rated version of the Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET)-based pH sensor, the Deep-Sea DuraFET pH sensor system, into a Slocum glider. They will test the new sensor suite via three glider deployments on the U.S. Northeast Shelf, deliver the OA data in real-time, and examine pH/Ù dynamics in habitats of commercially important fisheries. The project will benefit with rigorous groundtruthing via coordination of the high resolution glider mapping of pH and Ù side-by-side NOAA OAP's (Ocean Acidification Program) planned ECOA (East Coast Ocean Acidification) cruise II where a full suite of carbonate parameters (pCO2, pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and oxygen) will be measured either underway or on board ship. High spatial and temporal resolution in situ pH measurements and Ù estimations will be provided in habitats of commercially important fisheries in the U.S. Northeast Shelf. This open accessible, automated real-time data will be made available through RUCOOL (Rutgers University Center for Ocean Observing Leadership), MARACOOS (Mid-Atlantic Regional Association Coastal Ocean Observing System), and THREDDS (Thematic Real-time Environmental Data Distribution System). The data produced from this new technology will allow the researchers and the community to track the movement of low pH/Ù water, understand the variability of pH/Ù, predict how mixing events and circulation will impact pH/Ù across the shelf, identify high-risk regions and populations of commercially important species that are more prone to periods of reduced pH/Ù, and ultimately will enable more informed management of essential habitats in the future, more acidic oceans.

海洋酸化（OA）具有重大的科学和社会影响，包括海洋生物地球化学的改变，与生态系统改变有关的生态后果以及由于商业上重要的生物的存活下降而导致的经济损失。然而，很少有时间序列以及高分辨率的空间和临时测量，可以跟踪低pH值和低碳酸盐饱和度（）水的存在和运动，特别是在沿海地区，在沿海地区，贝类的芬鱼，龙虾和野生储备所在。过去的海洋酸化监测工作（具有pH或传感器的表面浮标，这些浮标测量二氧化碳的部分压力，或PCO2，研究船使用的流通型PCO2系统，大型野外运动期间的水柱采样）具有低空间分辨率（系泊）或高成本和较高的临时和空间分辨率（研究量）。因此，需要部署新的，具有成本效益的技术，这些技术可以定期提供高分辨率的水柱OA数据，以了解我们沿海海洋中的区域尺度。事实证明，自主的水下分析滑翔机已被证明是履行这一角色的强大技术。已成功安装在Slocum滑翔机上的各种传感器。但是，没有通过安装在这些滑翔机上的pH传感器收集海洋pH的直接测量。研究人员将开发集成的滑翔机平台和传感器系统，以在区域尺度上在沿海海洋的水柱中进行采样。该项目将导致新的市售滑翔机pH传感器套件，该套件将为可能成为实时的国家沿海OA监测网络提供基础，并能够为广泛的用户提供服务。此外，从一个滑翔机上的简单测量的整合将允许一个人区分生态系统的物理，化学和生物学之间的相互作用。研究人员将修改和整合基于离子敏感的场效应晶体管（ISFET）的pH传感器，深海Durafet pH传感器系统，将其整合到Slocum Glider中。他们将通过美国东北货架上的三个滑翔机部署进行新的传感器套件，实时提供OA数据，并检查商业上重要渔业栖息地中的pH/ù动态。该项目将通过对高分辨率的pH和并排的NOAA OAP（海洋酸化计划）计划的ECOA（东海岸海洋酸化）Cruise II的高分辨率滑翔机映射进行严格地面造成的措施而受益。在美国东北货架上商业重要渔业的栖息地将提供高空间和临时分辨率的原位pH测量和寻用的估计。该开放的可访问，自动化的实时数据将通过Rucool（Rutgers University Poesserving领导力中心），Maracoos（大西洋中部地区协会沿海海洋观察系统）和THERDDS（主题实时环境数据分配系统）提供。这项新技术产生的数据将使研究人员和社区能够跟踪低ph/us水的运动，了解pH/愿的可变性，预测混合事件和流通将如何影响整个货架上的pH/流通，识别高风险的地区和具有较重要的ph/ph/ph/ph/dife酸更含有更多知识源的商业时期的高风险区域和人群。