Support for the Elemental Analysis Facility at The Field Museum of Natural History

对菲尔德自然历史博物馆元素分析设施的支持

• 批准号: 1628026
• 负责人: Laure Dussubieux
• 金额: $ 11.9万
• 依托单位: Field Museum of Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1628026&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Support; Elemental; Analysis; Facility; Field

This award will continue National Science Foundation (NSF) support for the Elemental Analysis Facility (EAF) at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, which provides instrumentation for the rapid compositional analysis of ancient materials like ceramics, glass, metals, and pigments, to enhance research on a very wide range of anthropological topics. Researchers are able to analyze archaeological samples for major, minor, and trace elements in a non-destructive manner to address questions related to the archaeology of cultural production, interaction and exchange in the Americas, Africa, Oceania, Europe, and Asia, and advance the cause of material conservation of The Field Museum's renowned anthropology collections. The EAF serves the Field Museum community as well as scholars and students from the Chicago area, the Midwest and throughout the world, by offering financial support to offset travel and accommodation expenses as well as part of the analytical costs. The presence of an on-site laboratory at the Field Museum creates the opportunity to study artifacts from the unique collections of the museum that could not be moved easily to outside analytical facilities. The EAF also supports undergraduate and graduate student research and training. Students are initiated into the analytical process by undertaking their own analyses and are trained in method development, the statistical processing of the data, and interpretation. Results of this research will inform future exhibits and education activities of The Field Museum, which provides science education and outreach for hundreds of thousands of school children and millions of visitors annually.The EAF includes a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The ICP-MS can be fitted with two lasers. One of the lasers is dedicated to the sampling of small objects with a high throughput, whereas the second laser, a totally unique, custom-transformed apparatus, accommodates large objects. This equipment is complemented by three portable XRF instruments for totally non-invasive investigations of artifacts on the premises of the Museum or in the field. The intellectual merits of the project include the establishment of extensive new datasets of archaeological and ethnological material from around the world that directly inform hypotheses about ancient trade and exchange, technology, and their relationship to the development of social complexity around the world. By providing expertise for the investigation of ancient material, linking leading scholars and graduate students to the museum's extensive collections, and giving them the tools to analyze these one-of-a-kind assemblages, the project will significantly enhance understanding of the role of cultural production in the development of complex societies.

该奖项将继续国家科学基金会（NSF）对芝加哥自然历史博物馆（EAF）的基本分析设施（EAF）的支持，该机构为陶瓷，玻璃，金属和颜料等古老材料等古老材料的快速组成分析提供了仪器。增强对非常广泛的人类学主题的研究。研究人员能够以非破坏性的方式分析主要，次要和微量因素的考古样本，以解决与美洲，非洲，非洲，大洋洲，欧洲和亚洲的文化生产，互动和交流考古学有关的问题，并提高田野博物馆著名人类学收藏的物质保护的原因。 EAF通过提供财务支持来抵消旅行和住宿费用以及一部分分析费用，为芝加哥地区，中西部和世界各地的学者和学生提供服务。现场博物馆的现场实验室的存在创造了从博物馆独特收藏中研究文物的机会，这些收藏不容易被移至外部分析设施。 EAF还支持本科和研究生研究和培训。通过进行自己的分析，并接受了方法开发，数据的统计处理和解释的培训，从而开始了分析过程。这项研究的结果将为现场博物馆的未来展览和教育活动提供信息，该博物馆每年为数十万学童提供科学教育和外展活动。 EDS）和电感耦合等离子体 - 质谱仪（ICP -MS）。 ICP-MS可以配备两个激光器。其中一种激光专用于具有高吞吐量的小物体采样，而第二激光（一种完全独特的定制转换设备）可容纳大物体。该设备得到了三种便携式XRF仪器的补充，以完全无创的对博物馆或田野中的人工制品进行全面调查。该项目的智力优点包括建立来自世界各地的考古和民族学材料的广泛的新数据集，这些数据集直接为古代贸易和交流，技术，技术以及它们与世界各地社会复杂性发展的关系提供信息。通过提供对古代材料进行调查的专业知识，将领先的学者和研究生与博物馆的广泛收藏联系起来，并为他们提供分析这些独一无二的组合的工具，该项目将大大增强对文化作用的理解复杂社会发展的生产。