Numerical Studies of the Dynamical Orbital Interplay between the Inner and Outer Planets

内行星和外行星之间动态轨道相互作用的数值研究

• 批准号: 1615975
• 负责人: Nathan Kaib
• 金额: $ 22.67万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1615975&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Numerical; Studies; Dynamical; Orbital; Interplay

Just after the Solar System formed, the giant planets Jupiter and Saturn moved closer and farther, respectively, from the Sun in their orbits. These planets are so large that their wander affected all the other, smaller objects that were also forming in the Solar System ? planets like Venus and Earth, asteroids, and comets. These smaller planets were pushed around by the gravity of the giant planets. The violent forces created by the giant planets? movements caused many smaller objects to bombard other objects. Mathematical models have been developed to describe this movement of the giant planets in the early Solar System. The models, however, suggest forces so great that the smaller planets cannot survive the process. Using state-of-the-art computational techniques that include the effects of collisions, these investigators will study the beginning of the Solar System and place limits on the conditions under which the Earth and other smaller planets formed. Graduate and undergraduate students will participate in the study. The team will share their results with the general public through public talks and public student posters on recent planetary research.Giant planets orbiting our sun and other stars evolve significantly after initial formation. This is caused by a dynamical instability among the giant planets that organizes the orbital structure of the outer Solar System. The terrestrial planets, however, are unlikely to survive this dynamical interplay. How the exact configuration of the terrestrial planets emerged from the final giant-impact phase of planet formation is not fully understood, and the timing of this evolution within our own Solar System is not well constrained. State-of-the-art numerical simulations, including recently-developed methods of modeling collisions during planet formation, will be used here to model the giant-planet instability occurring while the terrestrial planets are still forming. The effects of this process on terrestrial planet formation will be assessed to determine whether our current Solar System is consistent with this scenario, and will be used to place new constraints on terrestrial-planet formation models. What the investigators learn can also be applied to exoplanet system formation. The Principal Investigator will mentor a graduate student in the proposed research, and the graduate student will in turn mentor undergraduate students. The PI also plans local public lectures on the research, as well as a student poster contest.

在太阳系形成之后，巨型行星木星和土星分别从轨道上的太阳越来越近。这些行星是如此之大，以至于它们的徘徊会影响太阳系中也形成的所有其他较小的物体？金星和地球，小行星和彗星等行星。这些较小的行星被巨型行星的重力推动。巨型行星创造的暴力力量？运动导致许多较小的物体轰炸其他物体。 已经开发了数学模型来描述早期太阳系中巨型行星的这种运动。然而，这些模型表明力量如此之大，以至于较小的行星无法生存。使用包括碰撞影响的最先进的计算技术，这些研究者将研究太阳系的开始，并在地球和其他较小行星形成的条件下对限制进行限制。研究生和本科生将参加这项研究。 该团队将通过公众谈判和公众对最近的行星研究的公共学生会与公众分享他们的结果。绕着我们的太阳和其他恒星的巨型行星在初次成立后会显着发展。这是由于组织外部太阳系的轨道结构的巨型行星之间的动力不稳定引起的。然而，陆地行星不可能在这种动态的相互作用中生存。尚不完全了解从行星形成的最终巨型影响阶段出现的陆地行星的确切配置，并且在我们自己的太阳系中，这种演变的时机也没有得到很好的约束。最新的数值模拟，包括最近开发的行星形成过程中建模碰撞的方法，此处将用于建模在陆地行星仍在形成时发生的巨型行星不稳定性。该过程对陆地行星形成的影响将进行评估，以确定我们当前的太阳系是否与这种情况一致，并将用于对陆地行星形成模型进行新的约束。调查人员所学的内容也可以应用于系外行星系统的形成。首席研究人员将指导拟议研究的研究生，而研究生将依次指导本科生。 PI还计划了有关研究的当地公开演讲以及学生海报大赛。