Collaborative Research: ADMX-HF Extreme Axion Experiment

合作研究：ADMX-HF 极端轴子实验

• 批准号: 1607223
• 负责人: Konrad Lehnert
• 金额: $ 41.35万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1607223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ADMX; HF; Extreme

In this era of precision cosmology, measurements suggest that ordinary matter represents only a fraction of the total matter density in the Universe. The rest, whose presence we only infer gravitationally, is unknown in its nature, and is termed Cold Dark Matter, for which a particle called a light axion is a well-motivated candidate. Should axions constitute the dark matter of our Milky Way halo, they may be detected through their conversion into a narrow Radio Frequency (RF) signal in a microwave-cavity resonator permeated by a magnetic field. The experiment being performed at Yale, ADMX-HF (Axion Dark Matter eXperiment - High Frequency), was designed to serve both as an innovation test-bed to develop and transition new cavity designs and quantum-limited photon detection schemes, and as a pathfinder to take first data in the 10-100 micro-electron Volt mass range. R&D on superconducting thin-films, and squeezed-state and single-photon detection in quantum electronics will produce unanticipated spin-offs. ADMX-HF has proven to be a great attractor for young talent. This award can be expected to extend this record. In addition, it is planned to establish a permanent exhibit on dark-sector science at the Chabot Space and Science Center, or the Oakland Museum of California, utilizing prototypes and artifacts from many of the historic dark matter, dark energy and cosmic microwave background experiments.UC Berkeley and U. Colorado/JILA are assisting Yale by taking the lead on cavity and amplifier development, respectively. The three universities have successfully delivered on ADMX-HF, which recently performed its first data run. This represented the inaugural use of Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs) in the microwave cavity experiment, and operation with a dilution refrigerator. With this award, Berkeley and Colorado plan two lines of R&D: (i) Berkeley will pursue boosting the cavity Q by incorporating multilayer structures of thin-film superconductors into the cavity design, as well as exploring Photonic Band Gap (PBG) structures as practical resonators for higher frequency operation; and (ii) Colorado/JILA will focus on reducing amplifier noise below the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL), initially by incorporating a JPA-based squeezed-vacuum state receiver. This would be only the second application of a squeezed-state receiver, beside the GEO/LIGO gravity wave interferometers. Later, photon detector systems based on superconducting qubits inside of a cavity will be developed and deployed. Technical deliverables anticipated are to (a) extend the mass range of the search to 12 GHz (~50 micro-eV), and (b) deliver an improvement in power sensitivity by an order of magnitude, and thus approach sensitivity to Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky (DFSZ) axions. This will dramatically improve the discovery potential of the axion search in the most promising mass region.

在这个精确宇宙学时代，测量结果表明普通物质仅占宇宙总物质密度的一部分。其余的，我们的存在我们只在重力上推断出来，其性质是未知的，被称为冷暗物质，对此，称为光轴的粒子是一个动机的候选者。如果轴构成我们银河系光环的暗物质，则可以通过将磁场渗透的微波腔谐振器中的转换为狭窄的射频（RF）信号检测到它们。在耶鲁大学（ADMX-HF）（Axion Dark Matter实验 - 高频）进行的实验既可以用作创新测试床，又可以开发和过渡新的空腔设计和量子限制的光子检测方案，又是探路者，作为10-100微电压量质量范围的第一个数据。在超导薄膜上进行研发，量子电子中的挤压状态和单光子检测将产生意外的衍生产品。事实证明，ADMX-HF是年轻人才的伟大吸引者。可以预期该奖项将扩大此记录。此外，计划在Chabot太空和科学中心或加利福尼亚州奥克兰博物馆建立一个永久性展览，利用许多历史悠久的暗物质，深色能量和宇宙微波背景实验的原型和文物，并通过vess and vestity and vestity and yale vess and veftife and yale vestife and vestity。这三所大学已成功地在ADMX-HF上交付，该大学最近执行了其第一个数据运行。这代表了在微波腔实验中的约瑟夫森参数放大器（JPA）的首次使用，并用稀释冰箱运行。有了这个奖项，伯克利和科罗拉多州的R＆D计划了两行研发：（i）伯克利将通过将薄膜超导体的多层结构纳入腔设计中，并探索光电带隙（PBG）结构作为实用频率操作，以探索光子带隙（PBG）结构； （ii）Colorado/Jila将集中于将放大器噪声降低到标准量子限制以下（SQL）以下，最初是通过合并基于JPA的挤压 - vacuum状态接收器。这只是挤压状态接收器的第二次应用，在GEO/LIGO重力波干涉仪旁边。后来，将开发和部署基于腔体内超导量子位的光子检测器系统。预期的技术可交付成果是（a）将搜索的质量范围扩展到12 GHz（〜50 micro-eV），并且（b）通过数量级来提高功率敏感性，从而对Dine-Fischler-Sredchler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky（DFSZ）轴承进行敏感性。这将显着提高最有希望的质量区域中轴突搜索的发现潜力。