RUI: LIGO Calibration, Gravitational-Wave Searches, and Parameter Estimation in the Advanced Detector Era

RUI:先进探测器时代的 LIGO 校准、引力波搜索和参数估计

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1607178
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 15万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-07-15 至 2020-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The first direct detection of gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO in September 2015 has officially launched the era of gravitational-wave astronomy, bringing a plethora of new astrophysics to our doorstep. This grant supports the work of members of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration at Kenyon College. Kenyon LIGO group members have lead roles in the calibration of the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO) interferometers and the search for gravitational wave signals from large black holes. The calibration of the aLIGO detectors is the first fundamental step after data has been collected by the detector. Only after the data is calibrated can searches for gravitational wave signals begin. LIGO scientists search for a range of sources, but the most promising source is the coalescence of two compact, astrophysical objects, such as black holes and neutron stars. Historically, LIGO has performed careful searches for black hole systems with masses that range up to 100 times the mass of the Sun. Members of the Kenyon LIGO group are part of the effort to expand this search to black holes of even higher masses. These large black holes may hold key answers as to how the supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies were formed. Additionally, the Kenyon LIGO group is exploring and improving aLIGO's ability to extract information about the matter that composes neutron stars in preparation for the first gravitational wave detection from a coalescing neutron star system. While electromagnetic signals from binary neutron star systems can provide insight into the surface of neutron stars, the detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star system could dig deeper and reveal secrets of the illusive neutron star matter itself. Finally, this project also supports the expansion of an existing NSF-funded outreach program at Kenyon College that targets engaging middle-school-aged audiences with exciting, hands-on science workshops. Separate workshops are held for middle school boys (LADS: Learning and Doing Science) and middle school girls (GSS: Girls Science Saturdays) several Saturdays throughout the school year. This award supports three main efforts in the field of gravitational-wave physics. The first is related to ongoing work in the calibration of the aLIGO detectors. Specifically, Kenyon LIGO group members will not only maintain existing low-latency calibration software, which is a large task as the calibration procedure is constantly changing with upgrades to the interferometers, but they will also work towards reducing the latency of the current calibration software from around a few tens of seconds down to a few seconds. The lowest possible latency calibration is crucial for electromagnetic follow-up of gravitational wave signal candidates. The main methods that will be employed to reduce the latency of the calibration software are to reduce the complexity of the procedure, shift as much of the calibration procedure as possible into the real-time instrument computers, and improve the computational efficiency of all existing calibration software. The award also supports the development and execution of a modeled, matched-filter search for intermediate mass black hole binary (IMBHB) systems. The goal of the search is to make the first confident detection of black holes in the intermediate mass range or to provide upper limits on the existence of IMBHB systems. Existing search software is being optimized to fit the needs of a higher mass, and therefore shorter waveform, matched filter search, and the search is being developed to run in a low-latency mode during future observing runs. Finally, this grant supports the development of tools to extract information about the neutron star equation of state from a binary neutron star gravitational wave detection. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) gravitational wave parameter estimation software is being modified to more optimally explore the neutron star equation of state parameter space, and software to allow for the use of different models of the neutron star equation of state is being developed. The first few gravitational wave detections from binary neutron star systems will be able to provide a wealth of new knowledge about neutron star matter.
2015 年 9 月,Advanced LIGO 首次直接探测到引力波,正式开启了引力波天文学时代,为我们带来了大量新的天体物理学。 这笔赠款支持凯尼恩学院 LIGO 科学合作组织成员的工作。 凯尼恩 LIGO 小组成员在高级 LIGO (aLIGO) 干涉仪的校准和寻找来自大型黑洞的引力波信号方面发挥着主导作用。 aLIGO 探测器的校准是探测器收集数据后的第一个基本步骤。 只有数据校准完毕后,才能开始搜索引力波信号。 LIGO 科学家正在寻找一系列来源,但最有希望的来源是两个致密天体物理物体的合并,例如黑洞和中子星。 历史上,LIGO 曾对质量达到太阳质量 100 倍的黑洞系统进行过仔细搜索。 凯尼恩 LIGO 小组的成员正在努力将这项搜索扩展到更高质量的黑洞。 这些大型黑洞可能掌握着星系中心超大质量黑洞如何形成的关键答案。 此外,凯尼恩 LIGO 小组正在探索和提高 aLIGO 提取有关构成中子星的物质信息的能力,为首次对聚结中子星系统进行引力波探测做准备。 虽然来自双中子星系统的电磁信号可以提供对中子星表面的洞察,但对来自双中子星系统的引力波的探测可以更深入地挖掘并揭示虚幻的中子星物质本身的秘密。 最后,该项目还支持扩展凯尼恩学院现有的 NSF 资助的外展项目,该项目的目标是通过令人兴奋的实践科学研讨会吸引中学生。 在整个学年的几个周六,为中学生(LADS:学习和做科学)和中学生(GSS:女孩科学星期六)单独举办讲习班。该奖项支持引力波物理领域的三项主要工作。 第一个与正在进行的 aLIGO 探测器校准工作有关。 具体来说,Kenyon LIGO 小组成员不仅将维护现有的低延迟校准软件(这是一项艰巨的任务,因为校准程序会随着干涉仪的升级而不断变化),而且他们还将致力于将当前校准软件的延迟从大约几十秒减少到几秒。 尽可能低的延迟校准对于候选引力波信号的电磁跟踪至关重要。 减少校准软件延迟的主要方法是降低程序的复杂性,将尽可能多的校准程序转移到实时仪器计算机中,并提高所有现有校准的计算效率软件。 该奖项还支持开发和执行针对中等质量黑洞双星(IMBHB)系统的建模匹配滤波器搜索。 此次搜索的目标是首次可靠地检测到中等质量范围内的黑洞,或者提供 IMBHB 系统存在的上限。 现有的搜索软件正在进行优化,以满足更高质量、更短波形、匹配滤波器搜索的需求,并且正在开发搜索以在未来观测运行期间以低延迟模式运行。 最后,这笔赠款支持开发工具,从双中子星引力波探测中提取有关中子星状态方程的信息。 马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)引力波参数估计软件正在被修改,以更优化地探索中子星状态参数空间方程,并且正在开发允许使用不同模型的中子星状态方程的软件。双中子星系统的前几次引力波探测将能够提供有关中子星物质的丰富新知识。

项目成果

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Madeline Wade其他文献

Madeline Wade的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Madeline Wade', 18)}}的其他基金

CAREER: An Integrated Research and Education Program in Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy
职业:引力波物理和天文学综合研究和教育项目
  • 批准号:
    1847350
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 15万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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  • 批准号:
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Research Infrastructure: LIGO Laboratory Operations and Maintenance 2024-2028 -- Exploring the Gravitational-Wave Cosmos
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