Collaborative Research: Adding Animals to the Equation: Linking Observational, Experimental and Modeling Approaches to Assess Herbivore Impacts on Carbon Cycling in Northern Alaska

合作研究：将动物加入方程式：将观察、实验和建模方法联系起来，评估草食动物对阿拉斯加北部碳循环的影响

• 批准号: 1603560
• 负责人: Edward Rastetter
• 金额: $ 16.34万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2021-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603560&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Adding; Animals; Equation

Small mammals graze on the vegetation of the Arctic tundra. Although this grazing may influence many aspects of tundra ecosystems, current models do not include grazing by small mammals. In this project, the abundance of voles and lemmings will be varied experimentally using fenced plots. The investigators will observe the responses in the plots, especially focusing on changes in the cycling of carbon and nitrogen. To understand how the current climate controls the importance of grazing by small mammals, the investigators will conduct their studies at three sites in Alaska located in the Seward Peninsula, the foothills of the Brooks Range, and on the Arctic coastal plain. The natural abundance of voles and lemmings will be studied at these sites to provide background for applying the experimental results throughout the Arctic. The results will be used to expand a mathematical model of tundra ecosystems to include grazing by small mammals, which will improve the predictions that can be made about how the Arctic may change in the future. The research will involve a number of undergraduate students and investigators will integrate their research into classes and other educational programs. In addition, they will present a radio program in Barrow, AK. The investigators will investigate the importance of herbivory by small mammals in controlling the cycling of carbon and nutrients in the rapidly changing Arctic tundra. Through studies at three sites along a latitudinal gradient, the investigators will employ both observations and experiments to quantify the role of grazing by rodents (voles and lemmings) in the functioning of tundra ecosystems. The observations of rodent population dynamics along with ecosystem function will provide key new information relevant to understanding the feedbacks of the Arctic tundra to the global climate. The manipulation of rodent density through exclosures and enclosures will show how potential changes in rodent populations may influence the tundra ecosystem response. In corporation of the observational and experimental results into a quantitative ecosystem model will enhance predictions of future changes and feedbacks with climate.

小型哺乳动物在北极苔原的植被上放牧。尽管这种放牧可能会影响苔原生态系统的许多方面，但当前的模型不包括小型哺乳动物的放牧。在这个项目中，使用围栏的图将在实验中进行丰富的田鼠和诱饵。 研究人员将观察地块中的反应，尤其是侧重于碳和氮循环的变化。为了了解当前气候如何控制小型哺乳动物放牧的重要性，研究人员将在位于苏厄德半岛的阿拉斯加三个地点进行研究，布鲁克斯山脉的山麓丘陵和北极沿海平原。将在这些地点研究田鼠和诱饵的自然丰度，以提供在整个北极应用实验结果的背景。结果将用于扩展苔原生态系统的数学模型，包括小型哺乳动物放牧，这将改善有关北极对未来如何变化的预测。这项研究将涉及许多本科生，调查人员将将他们的研究整合到课堂和其他教育计划中。此外，他们还将在阿肯色州的巴罗（Barrow）介绍广播节目。研究人员将研究小型哺乳动物在迅速变化的北极苔原中控制碳和养分的循环的重要性。通过沿沿延伸梯度的三个地点的研究，研究人员将使用观察结果和实验来量化啮齿动物（田鼠和小便）在苔原生态系统功能中的放牧作用。对啮齿动物种群动态以及生态系统功能的观察将提供与了解北极苔原对全球气候的反馈有关的关键新信息。通过排除和外壳来操纵啮齿动物密度将表明啮齿动物种群的潜在变化如何影响苔原生态系统的响应。在定量生态系统模型中观察和实验结果的公司中，将增强对气候变化和反馈的预测。

项目成果

An approach to modeling resource optimization for substitutable and interdependent resources

一种对可替代和相互依赖的资源进行资源优化建模的方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109033
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Ecological Modelling
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Rastetter, Edward B.;Kwiatkowski, Bonnie L.
• 通讯作者: Kwiatkowski, Bonnie L.

Ecosystem Recovery from Disturbance is Constrained by N Cycle Openness, Vegetation-Soil N Distribution, Form of N Losses, and the Balance Between Vegetation and Soil-Microbial Processes

生态系统从干扰中恢复受到氮循环开放度、植被-土壤氮分布、氮损失形式以及植被与土壤-微生物过程之间的平衡的制约

• DOI: 10.1007/s10021-020-00542-3
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Ecosystems
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Rastetter, Edward B.;Kling, George W.;Shaver, Gaius R.;Crump, Byron C.;Gough, Laura;Griffin, Kevin L.
• 通讯作者: Griffin, Kevin L.