DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The effects of climate-driven phenological shifts on plant-pollinator interactions and reproductive success

论文研究：气候驱动的物候变化对植物-传粉媒介相互作用和繁殖成功的影响

• 批准号: 1601219
• 负责人: Laura Burkle
• 金额: $ 1.87万
• 依托单位: Montana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1601219&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; effects; climate; driven

Reproduction in most flowering plants, including one-third of crops, is aided through pollination by bees. The nearly 4000 species of bees native to the USA may become more important pollinators of crops as honey bee populations continue to decline. As climate-warming continues, there is concern that plant and bee species are shifting the timing of their activities unequally, causing a mismatch in the time of activity. If plants flower when bees are not active, reproduction could fail. This project will investigate how shifts in the timing of important activities will affect how plants and bees interact, and the consequences for plant reproduction. Results will help to understand how climate change will affect wild plant and crop reproduction, with implications for biodiversity and global food production. The scientific workforce will be strengthened through support for the education and training of a doctoral student and participation of an undergraduate from an underrepresented group. Climate-warming has altered the amount of phenological overlap between coevolved plant and pollinator species. Using forb and solitary bee species native to Montana, forb-bee community composition will be manipulated within enclosed mesocosms. Bee emergence and plant blooming times will be controlled by strategic overwintering and greenhouse management. Blooming forbs and emerging bees will be assigned to mesh-sided mesocosms following a factorial design based on phenologies. The effects of altered phenological overlap on forb-bee interaction patterns and forb reproductive success will be assessed by conducting bee visitation observations at each mesocosm and determining the number and mass of seeds produced for each plant species. Empirical evidence generated by this study will help pinpoint plant and pollinator species most vulnerable to the negative effects of climate change, as well as inform conservation actions.

大多数开花植物（包括三分之一农作物）的繁殖通过蜜蜂的授粉有助于。随着蜜蜂种群的不断下降，美国原生蜜蜂的近4000种可能成为农作物的授粉媒介。随着气候温暖的继续，人们担心植物和蜜蜂种类不平等地改变其活动的时间，在活动时期导致不匹配。如果植物在蜜蜂不活跃时开花，繁殖可能会失败。该项目将调查重要活动时机的转变将如何影响植物和蜜蜂的相互作用以及植物繁殖的后果。结果将有助于了解气候变化将如何影响野生植物和作物繁殖，这对生物多样性和全球粮食生产产生影响。科学劳动力将通过支持博士生的教育和培训来加强科学劳动，并从代表性不足的小组中参与本科生。 气候温暖改变了共同发展的植物和传粉媒介物种之间的物候重叠量。使用蒙大拿州原生的福布和孤立的蜜蜂物种，将在封闭的中群中操纵Forb-Bee社区组成。蜜蜂的出现和植物开花时间将由战略性越冬和温室管理控制。基于物候的阶乘设计后，将向网状中的中孔分配开花和新兴蜜蜂。将改变物候重叠对FORB-BEE相互作用模式和FORB生殖成功的影响将通过在每个中co进行蜜蜂探测观测来评估，并确定每个植物物种生产的种子的数量和质量。这项研究产生的经验证据将有助于确定最容易受到气候变化的负面影响的植物和传粉媒介物种，并为保护行动提供了信息。