The Essential Dynamics of Tropical Rain Belts: Monsoons and Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in a Multi-model Ensemble of Idealized Simulations

热带雨带的基本动力学：理想化模拟的多模型集合中的季风和热带辐合带（ITCZ）

• 批准号: 1565522
• 负责人: Michela Biasutti
• 金额: $ 71.14万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-11-01 至 2020-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1565522&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Essential; Dynamics; Tropical; Rain; Belts

Knowing where, when, and how much rainfall falls over oceans and continents across the tropics matters directly to the people who live there and is also a key piece of information to understand the atmospheric circulation over the entire globe. This is because -as moisture is evaporated from the ocean, transported by winds, and finally rained out - energy is moved with it across a planetary heat engine that affects climate everywhere. This project aims at elucidating how tropical rainfall changes in response to changes in the way energy enters the tropical atmosphere, be they the results of the alternating of seasons, the wobble of the earth's orbit, or the man-made changes in atmospheric composition. The goal of this research is to address the essential similarities and differences in their dynamics between the oceanic rain belt and the regional monsoons; its approach is to analyze a hierarchy of simulations performed with an ensemble of computer models of the global atmosphere, to compare the climates produced in idealized model setups, and to identify those mechanisms that are robust across a range of simplifications. This research effort will have major impacts in two realms: our understanding of tropical dynamics and our design of model hierarchies. Progress on both fronts is necessary if we want to better our models and improve our prediction of future climate change in the tropics and globally. The effort will support continuous and focused leadership of a community effort to spur innovative research on the dynamics of monsoons and oceanic rain belts. The design and coordination of the ensemble simulations at the base of this project will continue through the organization of sessions and informal meetings at international conferences in which participants to this Grand Challenge can exchange results and plan additional research activities. One post-doctoral scientist, one graduate student and three undergraduates will be trained by this project and benefit from the interactions with the larger community that has gathered around these themes. Knowledge gained from this project will be incorporated in lectures and outreach activities, including the Lamont Open House and adult education at the American Natural History Museum. Results will also be reported via the State of the Planet Blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University.

知道在热带地区的海洋和大陆上的何时，何时以及多少降雨直接对居住在那里的人们来说很重要，这也是了解整个世界上大气循环的关键信息。这是因为 - 水分从海洋中蒸发，被风蒸发，最终降雨 - 能量在行星热发动机上移动，影响到各地的气候。该项目旨在阐明热带降雨如何响应能源进入热带气氛的变化，无论是季节交替的结果，地球轨道的摇摆还是大气组成的人为变化。这项研究的目的是解决海洋雨带与区域季风之间动态的基本相似之处。它的方法是分析使用全球气氛的计算机模型进行的模拟层次结构，以比较理想模型设置中产生的气候，并确定这些机制在一系列简化范围内都有坚固的机制。这项研究工作将在两个领域产生重大影响：我们对热带动力学的理解和模型层次结构的设计。如果我们想改善模型并改善对热带和全球气候变化的预测，那么在这两个方面都是必要的。这项努力将支持社区努力的持续和集中的领导，以刺激季风和海洋雨带动态的创新研究。该项目基础上的集合模拟的设计和协调将通过国际会议的会议和非正式会议的组织继续进行，在该会议上，参加此挑战的参与者可以交换结果并计划其他研究活动。一位博士后科学家，一名研究生和三名本科生将接受该项目的培训，并受益于与这些主题围绕这些主题的较大社区的互动。该项目获得的知识将纳入讲座和外展活动，包括美国自然历史博物馆的Lamont开放日和成人教育。结果还将通过哥伦比亚大学地球研究所的星球博客的状态进行报告。