CAREER: SusChEM: Activation and Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Abundant Metal Complexes and Development of K-12 Electrochemical Educational Projects

职业：SusChEM：丰富的金属配合物对 CO2 的活化和电催化还原以及 K-12 电化学教育项目的开发

• 批准号: 1554744
• 负责人: Jenny Yang
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1554744&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; SusChEM; Activation; Electrocatalytic; Reduction

CAREER: SusChEM: Activation and Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Abundant Metal Complexes and Development of K-12 Electrochemical Educational Projects Although carbon dioxide is currently viewed as a waste by-product in the burning of fossil fuels and an atmospheric pollutant with contributions to climate change, it is also the primary building block used in nature for chemical synthesis and energy storage. In this project, Dr. Yang is investigating how to mimic nature's method of efficiently using carbon dioxide (CO2) to form more useful products. To achieve this goal, Dr. Yang is exploring new metal compounds inspired by the active site of natural enzymes. The specific focus of the research is to convert carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, providing a pathway to turn CO2 from a harmful waste product into a major feedstock in industrial processes that synthesize valuable carbon-based products and fuels. Carbon monoxide is currently generated primarily by burning fossil fuel resources; however this research takes an alternative approach, using energy in the form of electricity, which has the potential to capitalize on energy generation by solar energy collection and other renewable-energy production methods. As a result, the goals of this research represent an important broader societal impact towards accessing carbon-neutral cycles for chemical materials and fuels. The latter may enable the expanded use of renewable resources for energy, enhancing our national energy independence and reducing reliance on fossil fuel resources. Professor Yang is also involved in several outreach programs that inspire excitement about experimental science in K-12 students, with an emphasis on traditionally underrepresented or under-served populations. The goals of these programs are to encourage science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers in order to broaden the base of future professionals necessary for continued national technological innovation and growth. With funding from the Chemical Catalysis Program of the Chemistry Division, Dr. Jenny Y. Yang of the University of California, Irvine is synthesizing a series of transition metal complexes with ligands that contain proximate Lewis acid functionality. The transition metal center and Lewis acid functionality are positioned for cooperative activation of CO2 reduction. This type of cooperative CO2 activation is inspired by the active site of the nickel-iron [NiFe] carbon monoxide dehydrogenases, which catalyze the reduction of CO2 to CO at high rates, selectivity, and efficiency. The goals are to 1) investigate the cooperative effect of proximate Lewis acids in transition metal complexes towards the activation of CO2 at mild reduction potentials, and 2) apply this knowledge toward the development of abundant metal electrocatalysts for fast and efficient CO2 reduction to CO. The first goal furnishes information generally applicable for CO2 activation to reduced products. The second goal focuses on reduction to CO, a versatile C1 precursor for fuels and other high value products. New catalysts for CO2 reduction have significant broader impact, since they are beneficial for CO2 recycling in renewable energy fuel cycles or incorporation into useful materials. Progress is quantitatively measured by improvements in catalyst rate, stability, selectivity, and overpotential (efficiency). Dr. Yang is also actively involved in several outreach programs that instruct and excite students about STEM careers in K-12 students. This CAREER award fosters the development of teacher-scholars at the start of their scientific careers.

职业：SusChEM：丰富的金属配合物对 CO2 的活化和电催化还原以及 K-12 电化学教育项目的开发尽管二氧化碳目前被视为化石燃料燃烧中的废物副产品和导致气候变化的大气污染物，它也是自然界中用于化学合成和能量储存的主要组成部分。在这个项目中，杨博士正在研究如何模仿自然界有效利用二氧化碳（CO2）的方法来形成更有用的产品。为了实现这一目标，杨博士正在探索受天然酶活性位点启发的新型金属化合物。该研究的具体重点是将二氧化碳转化为一氧化碳，提供一种将二氧化碳从有害废物转化为合成有价值的碳基产品和燃料的工业过程中的主要原料的途径。目前一氧化碳主要是通过燃烧化石燃料资源产生的；然而，这项研究采用了另一种方法，使用电力形式的能源，这有可能利用太阳能收集和其他可再生能源生产方法产生的能源。因此，这项研究的目标代表了化学材料和燃料的碳中和循环的重要更广泛的社会影响。后者可以扩大可再生能源的使用，增强我们国家的能源独立性并减少对化石燃料资源的依赖。杨教授还参与了多个外展项目，这些项目激发了 K-12 学生对实验科学的兴趣，重点关注传统上代表性不足或服务不足的人群。这些计划的目标是鼓励科学、技术、工程和数学 (STEM) 职业，以扩大国家持续技术创新和发展所需的未来专业人员基础。在化学系化学催化项目的资助下，加州大学欧文分校的 Jenny Y. Yang 博士正在合成一系列带有含有近似路易斯酸官能团的配体的过渡金属络合物。过渡金属中心和路易斯酸官能团定位用于协同活化CO2还原。这种类型的协同 CO2 活化受到镍铁 [NiFe] 一氧化碳脱氢酶活性位点的启发，该酶能够以高速率、高选择性和高效率催化 CO2 还原为 CO。目标是 1) 研究过渡金属络合物中近似路易斯酸对在温和还原电位下活化 CO2 的协同效应，2) 将这些知识应用于开发丰富的金属电催化剂，以快速有效地将 CO2 还原为 CO。第一个目标提供了通常适用于二氧化碳活化还原产物的信息。第二个目标侧重于还原二氧化碳，这是一种用于燃料和其他高价值产品的多功能 C1 前体。用于二氧化碳减排的新型催化剂具有更广泛的影响，因为它们有利于可再生能源燃料循环中的二氧化碳回收或纳入有用材料。进展是通过催化剂速率、稳定性、选择性和超电势（效率）的改进来定量衡量的。杨博士还积极参与多个外展项目，指导和激发学生对 K-12 学生的 STEM 职业的兴趣。该职业奖旨在促进教师学者在其科学职业生涯之初的发展。