Collaborative Research: The Role of Information & Influence Campaigns in Structuring Public Responses to U.S. policy, 1988 - 2015

合作研究：信息的作用

• 批准号: 1558207
• 负责人: Robert Brulle
• 金额: $ 10.27万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-01 至 2018-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1558207&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Role; Information; &amp

Collaborative Research: The Role of Information & Influence Campaigns in Structuring Public Responses to U.S. Policy, 1988-2015There is a growing consensus that public debate has been transformed through the increased use of information and influence campaigns (IICs) by a range of organizations to affect political decision-making around a variety of nationally important issues. This research aims to explain the extent and impact of these strategic communications campaigns. To do this, the project: (1) maps which organizations participate in specific national issue debates; (2) conducts an extended analysis of communications tools and tactics used in public contexts for purposes of influence; and (3) examines the viewpoints and motivations guiding the actors who carry out these activities. The project considers the political contests and the coordination of resources among a wide variety of actors, including corporations, trade associations, research institutes, regulatory bodies, advocacy organizations, and governmental and non-governmental organizations over a 27-year period from 1988-2015. This research supports efforts to increase the role of the behavioral sciences in the federal government's policy development and implementation. This research informs policy makers about the complex processes of interaction that are part of the design and development of policy, and thus contribute to policy makers' ability to better engage businesses and the public in the development and implementation of government policy. It also contributes to multiple areas of research in sociology, political science and media studies.The overall objective of this research is to critically inquire into the extent, influence, and impact of professional advocacy campaigns on debates in the public sphere. The research will explain the extent and impact of strategic communications campaigns on political and public responses to specific policy efforts. To achieve this goal, the project maps the organization of one specific public policy area and analyzes the factors that influence its shape over time. The researchers conduct an extended analysis of communications tools and tactics used in public contexts for purposes of influence. The researchers also carry out extended field observations and interviews to develop a situated understanding of the viewpoints, motivations, and schemes guiding the actors who carry out these activities. Combining methods from sociology and communication studies, the researchers will (a) apply a macro-level network analysis to map which organizations have been featured in this issue arena between 1988 and 2015, what functions they serve, and how media and government forums help to establish each organization's level of prominence and legitimacy; (b) gather organizational characteristics to define and analyze the factors that drive the nature, extent, and impact of professional advocacy in this issue area (meso-level analysis); (c) conduct semi-structured interviews and observations at major industry events to assess the motives and rationales of the actors who create information and influence campaigns in this issue arena (micro-level analysis). The research contributes to understanding how social networks and institutional arrangements shape participants' understandings and thinking about policy issues. The research can assist scholars, policy advocates, and policymakers in developing better communications strategies that target particular publics and lead to more efficacious policy development.

协作研究：信息与影响运动在结构公众对美国政策的反应中的作用，1988 - 2015年，人们的共识越来越多，即通过越来越多的组织使用信息和影响运动（IIC）来改变公众辩论，以影响围绕各种国家重要问题的政治决策，以影响政治决策。这项研究旨在解释这些战略沟通运动的程度和影响。为此，该项目：（1）组织参与特定国家问题辩论的地图； （2）对公共环境中用于影响目的的通信工具和策略进行了扩展分析； （3）研究指导执行这些活动的演员的观点和动机。该项目考虑了各种各样的参与者之间的政治竞赛和资源协调，包括公司，贸易协会，研究机构，监管机构，倡导组织，政府和非政府组织，从1988 - 2015年起为期27年。这项研究支持提高行为科学在联邦政府政策制定和实施中的作用的努力。这项研究向政策制定者提供了有关政策设计和制定的复杂互动过程，因此有助于决策者更好地吸引企业和公众参与政府政策的制定和实施。它还为社会学，政治学和媒体研究的多个研究领域做出了贡献。这项研究的总体目的是认真询问专业倡导运动对公共领域辩论的程度，影响和影响。该研究将解释战略沟通运动对特定政策努力的政治和公众反应的程度和影响。为了实现这一目标，该项目绘制了一个特定的公共政策领域的组织，并分析了随着时间的推移影响其形状的因素。研究人员对公共环境中用于影响目的的通信工具和策略进行了扩展分析。研究人员还进行了扩展的现场观察和访谈，以对指导执行这些活动的演员的观点，动机和计划有一个适当的了解。 研究人员结合了社会学和传播研究的方法，（a）将采用宏观网络分析来绘制1988年至2015年之间在本期领域中介绍的哪些组织，他们所服务的功能以及媒体和政府论坛如何帮助建立每个组织的突出和合法性的水平； （b）收集组织特征，以定义和分析推动该问题领域专业倡导性质，程度和影响的因素（中级分析）； （c）在重大行业活动中进行半结构化的访谈和观察，以评估在本期竞技场中创建信息并影响运动的参与者的动机和理由（微观级别的分析）。该研究有助于了解社交网络和机构安排如何塑造参与者的理解和对政策问题的思考。这项研究可以帮助学者，政策倡导者和政策制定者制定更好的沟通策略，以针对特定的公众并导致更有效的政策制定。