CAREER: Toward Sustainable Urban Water Management through a Twofold Approach: Enhanced Landscape Modeling and Strategic Spatial Placement of Stormwater Control Measures

职业：通过双重方法实现可持续城市水管理：增强景观建模和雨水控制措施的战略空间布局

基本信息

批准号：
1553475
负责人：
Jon Hathaway
金额：
$ 51.45万
依托单位：
University of Tennessee Knoxville
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-03-01 至 2022-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1553475&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Toward Sustainable Urban Water

项目摘要

1553475HathawayGlobal population in urban areas is burgeoning, and sustainable development and water management are critical to ensuring ecological and human health. This CAREER research proposes an innovative, twofold approach to urban watershed management. The approach is predicated on improved landscape modeling at both the site and watershed scales, and the use of geospatial techniques to target and treat those areas that contribute most to surface water degradation. The nature of the proposed approach integrates sensor technology, geospatial tools, and modeling to inform the design and optimization of the placement of green infrastructure in urban systems.As healthy waterways are increasingly valued, and the degradation of these waterways by urban stormwater runoff is better understood. Major efforts are underway to restore watershed function across the United States. With these efforts largely relying on coarse runoff models and empirical approaches for green infrastructure implementation, there is a dire need for improved approaches to watershed restoration. Watershed restoration efforts are often undertaken without an understanding of potential impacts. The central hypothesis in this CAREER proposal is that impervious areas within urban watersheds differ in their contribution to stormwater generation and transport based on their spatial configuration. Thus, restoration approaches that target the most impactful impervious areas will result in optimized environmental outcomes. The research topic will address deficiencies that seriously limiti the effectiveness of stormwater control measure strategies that can manage stormwater and mitigate the impact on watersheds. Specific objectives are to: (1) use sensor technology to characterize bioretention cell function and inform improvement and parameterization of a site scale model, (2) couple site scale and watershed scale models to better understand cumulative green infrastructure effects, (3) use a globally unique experimental watershed to test the coupled model, (4) compare opportunistic green infrastructure site selection to geospatially informed approaches using the same experimental watershed, and, (5) integrate outcomes into a long lasting educational plan spanning multiple target groups. Through an integrated research and teaching program, the principle investigator (PI) will become a leading contributor to sustainable urban water management in the United States and globally. The improved landscape modeling and placement methodology are transformative because they establish a scientific understanding of the factors controlling the efficacy of stormwater control measures at different geospatial scales. These will form the basis for elevating their implementation to a rational engineering approach in optimized locations. The coupled model will allow scenario development and testing prior to implementation, facilitating optimization of approaches and realistic expectations. As green infrastructure increasingly becomes a core component of watershed restoration approaches, optimizing its placement to achieve maximum outcomes is critical. For example, estimates of implementing stormwater improvements to reduce nutrients in the Chesapeake Bay alone are in the billions. These efforts can be maximized by allowing scenario development and testing prior to implementation. The research program presented herein will integrate with the PI's long-term educational objective of increasing the understanding of watershed hydrologic and water quality processes at multiple levels of targeted groups, from K-12 to the general public, specifically targeting underrepresented individuals. The PI proposes creating a bioretention facility at a local high school through the USFS grant for educational purposes to track tree growth as a function of design configurations. This will be a good learning environment for the University of Tennessee undergrad and grad students. Outreach to 4-5 high schools that have or will have bioretention facilities is impressive. These will be equipped with pressure transducers, soil moisture sensors, rain gages, and climate sensor arrays. Teachers will be educated on the use of the sensors and aided in the development of lessons plans that integrate the sensors into lessons on developing graphics, statistics, and other learning goals.

1553475城市地区的Hathawayglobal人口正在迅速发展，可持续发展和水管理对于确保生态和人类健康至关重要。这项职业研究提出了一种创新的，双重的城市流域管理方法。该方法基于改进的地点和流域量表的改进景观建模，以及使用地理空间技术来靶向和处理对地表水降解最大的区域。拟议方法的性质集成了传感器技术，地理空间工具和建模，以告知绿色基础设施在城市系统中的设计和优化。随着健康的水道的重视，城市雨水径流越来越有价值。正在恢复美国各地流域功能的重大努力。通过这些努力在很大程度上依赖于绿色基础设施实施的粗糙径流模型和经验方法，因此迫切需要改进水恢复的方法。流域恢复工作通常是在不了解潜在影响的情况下进行的。这项职业提议中的中心假设是，城市流域内的不透水领域在其对雨水的产生和运输方面的贡献有所不同。因此，针对最具影响力的不透水区域的恢复方法将导致优化的环境结果。研究主题将解决严重限制雨水控制措施策略的有效性的缺陷，该策略可以管理雨水并减轻对流域的影响。具体目标是：（1）使用传感器技术来表征生物测定细胞功能，并为场地尺度模型的改进和参数化提供了改进和参数化，（2）夫妇站点尺度和分水岭模型更好地了解累积的绿色绿色基础结构效应，（3）使用全球独特的实验性水域使用相同的实验性测试，以验证相同的绿色信息，以验证绿色的模型（4）（4）分水岭，以及（5）将结果整合到跨越多个目标群体的持久教育计划中。通过综合研究和教学计划，主要研究者（PI）将成为美国和全球可持续城市水管理的主要贡献者。改进的景观建模和放置方法具有变革性，因为它们对控制雨水控制措施在不同地理空间尺度上的疗效的因素建立了科学理解。这些将构成将其实施提升到优化位置中合理工程方法的基础。耦合模型将允许在实施之前进行场景开发和测试，从而促进方法的优化和现实的期望。随着绿色基础设施越来越多地成为流域恢复方法的核心组成部分，因此优化其放置以实现最大结果至关重要。例如，仅在数十亿美元的情况下，仅在切萨皮克湾实施雨水改善以减少切萨皮克湾的养分。通过允许在实施之前进行方案开发和测试，可以最大化这些努力。本文介绍的研究计划将与PI的长期教育目标集成，即增加对从K-12到公众的多个有针对性群体的流域水文和水质过程的理解，专门针对代表性不足的人。 PI建议通过USFS赠款在当地高中建立生物遗产设施，以追踪树木生长作为设计配置的函数。对于田纳西大学的本科生和研究生来说，这将是一个很好的学习环境。向拥有或将拥有生物遗产设施的4-5所中学的宣传令人印象深刻。这些将配备压力传感器，土壤水分传感器，雨量量和气候传感器阵列。教师将接受有关传感器使用的教育，并有助于制定课程计划，这些计划将传感器整合到开发图形，统计和其他学习目标的课程中。