Collaborative Research: Preserving User Privacy in Server-driven Dynamic Spectrum Access System

合作研究：在服务器驱动的动态频谱接入系统中保护用户隐私

• 批准号: 1547223
• 负责人: Chunming Qiao
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1547223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Preserving; User; Privacy

Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) technique enables wireless devices, called secondary users (SUs), to use spectrum that are allocated to licensed incumbent users (IUs) as long as they do not interfere with IUs' operation. It has been widely accepted as a crucial solution to mitigate the spectrum scarcity problem for wireless communications. As a key form of DSA, regulators have proposed to release more Federal spectrum for sharing with commercial wireless users, under the umbrella of a spectrum access system (SAS) database to govern the spectrum sharing between IUs and SUs. However, the success of this sharing hinges upon how privacy issues are managed. In current SAS schemes, the operation data of both federal IUs and commercial SUs need to be shared with the SAS database for it to decide if sharing is permitted. Yet, operation data of federal IUs are often classified information and SU operation data may also be commercial secret. Since SAS is not necessarily operated by a trusted third party and can potentially be breached by attackers, these current schemes threaten the privacy of both IUs and SUs. To address this privacy issue, this project develops a privacy-preserving SAS (P2-SAS), which ensures that the SAS system can still accurately decide whether spectrum sharing among IUs and SUs are permitted while it learns nothing about the operation data of IUs and SUs. This project is the first to be able to successfully realize privacy-preserving spectrum allocation in SAS. It addresses regulators' concerns with DSA's privacy issue and hence greatly help the development of the entire nation's broadband networks. The project provides a blueprint on how privacy-preserving mechanisms can be integrated in many other communication systems beyond DSA. The project realizes its privacy preserving spectrum allocation using secure homomorphic computation. In P2-SAS, IUs and SUs share only ciphertexts of their operation data with the SAS Server, which then performs secure homomorphic computation directly over these ciphertexts, so that none of the IU/SU operation data would be exposed to any snooping party, including the SAS itself. The project aims to convert complex spectrum allocation computation and certification procedures into the limited homomorphic computation types provided by efficient Paillier cryptosystems. Leveraging the unique characteristics of spectrum allocation computation, various refining techniques will be explored to significantly reduce the computation and communication overhead of P2-SAS and prevent potential attacks on the system.

动态频谱访问（DSA）技术可以使无线设备（称为二级用户（SUS））使用分配给有执照的现有用户（IUS）的频谱，只要它们不干扰IUS的操作即可。 它已被广泛接受为减轻无线通信的频谱稀缺问题的关键解决方案。作为DSA的关键形式，监管机构提议在频谱访问系统（SAS）数据库的伞下发布更多与商业无线用户共享的联邦频谱，以管理IUS和SUS之间的频谱共享。但是，这种共享的成功取决于如何管理隐私问题。在当前的SAS计划中，需要与SAS数据库共享联邦IUS和商业SUS的操作数据，以决定是否允许共享。但是，联邦IUS的操作数据通常是分类的信息，SU操作数据也可能是商业秘密。 由于SAS不一定是由可信赖的第三方运营的，并且可能会受到攻击者的破坏，因此这些目前的计划威胁着IUS和SUS的隐私。为了解决此隐私问题，该项目开发了保存隐私的SAS（P2-SAS），该项目确保SAS系统仍然可以准确地确定IUS和SUS之间的频谱共享是否允许在IUS和SUS的操作数据方面不了解。该项目是第一个能够成功实现SAS中保护隐私的光谱分配的项目。 它解决了监管机构对DSA的隐私问题的关注，因此极大地帮助整个国家的宽带网络的发展。该项目提供了有关如何将隐私机制集成到DSA以外的许多其他通信系统中的蓝图。该项目使用安全的同构计算实现了其隐私保护频谱分配。 在P2-SAS中，IUS和SUS仅与SAS服务器共享其操作数据的密文，然后在这些密文上直接执行安全的同构计算，因此IU/SU操作数据都不会暴露于任何snoping Partion，包括SAS本身。 该项目旨在将复杂的频谱分配计算和认证程序转换为有限的同构计算类型，由有效的Paillier加密系统提供。利用频谱分配计算的独特特征，将探索各种精炼技术，以大大减少P2-SAS的计算和通信开销，并防止对系统的潜在攻击。