Abundance of the Elements and Stellar Chemistry

元素丰度和恒星化学

基本信息

批准号：
1517541
负责人：
Katharina Lodders
金额：
$ 50.3万
依托单位：
Washington University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-15 至 2021-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1517541&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Abundance Elements Stellar Chemistry

项目摘要

The investigators will provide a fundamental framework for interpreting the abundances and chemical composition of the gas and dust in stellar environments. The investigations are important for many different areas in astrophysics and the chemistry of the cosmos. A major task is a large update to the reference set of abundances of the elements in our own Solar System, derived from samples of meteorites; these so-called "solar abundances" are used as a fundamental references for the study of properties of other stars and galaxies in the universe.The investigators will lead a cross-campus initiative, encouraging undergraduate students from the computer sciences to participate in this research. The results from this research are integrated into new/revised textbooks and in class materials and lectures. The female investigator serves as a role model for young women considering scientific careers. Outreach: The investigators work with the university public affairs office to issue press releases to spread results to the public; e.g., about brown dwarf weather, raining pebbles on a molten-rock planet, or about evaporating the Earth. Their investigation also supports a PhD thesis and undergraduate research.Element abundances are an important input to many chemical models in astronomy. The solar elemental abundances are commonly used as a reference when describing astronomical objects. The proposed chemistry calculations are relevant for understanding gas molecule and condensate formation in protostellar disks (with and without planetary formation); and in ejecta of evolved stars that feed dust and gas to the ISM, from which new stellar and planetary systems originate. Dying stars rarely have overall solar composition, especially not for C, N, and O, that govern redox conditions. The gas and dust chemistry strongly depends on the C/O ratio and the study aims to derive a complete set of condensation temperatures for all elements under non-solar conditions. The proposed work for chemistry at non-solar metallicities is highly relevant to planet formation models around high metallicity stars, as well as condensation around low-metallicity stars or even in dusty galaxies at high red-shift.

研究人员将提供一个基本框架，用于解释恒星环境中气体和尘埃的丰度和化学成分。对天体物理学和宇宙化学的许多不同领域的研究至关重要。一项主要任务是对我们自己的太阳系中元素的丰度参考集的大量更新，该元素来自陨石样品；这些所谓的“太阳丰度”被用作研究宇宙中其他恒星和星系的性质研究的基本参考。研究人员将领导跨校园倡议，鼓励来自计算机科学的本科生参加这项研究。这项研究的结果纳入了新的/修订的教科书以及课堂材料和讲座中。女性研究者是考虑科学职业的年轻女性的榜样。外展：调查人员与大学公共事务办公室合作，发行新闻稿，以将结果传播给公众；例如，关于棕色矮人的天气，在熔融岩石行星上下雨鹅卵石，或者关于蒸发地球。他们的调查还支持博士学位论文和本科研究。元素丰度是天文学中许多化学模型的重要意见。太阳元素丰度在描述天文对象时通常用作参考。所提出的化学计算与理解原始磁盘中的气体分子和凝结物形成有关（有和没有行星形成）；在进化的星星的喷射中，将灰尘和气体馈送到ISM中，新的恒星和行星系统起源于此。垂死的恒星很少具有总体太阳能组成，尤其是针对氧化还原条件的C，N和O。气体和粉尘化学在很大程度上取决于C/O比，研究旨在为在非极性条件下的所有元素中得出一组完整的冷凝温度。提议的非 - 金属金属化学作品与高金属性恒星周围的行星形成模型高度相关，并且在低金属恒星甚至高红移处的灰尘星系周围凝结。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Chemical Constraints on Formation of the Moon

月球形成的化学限制

DOI：
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
LPI Contribution No. 1987
影响因子：
0
作者：
Fegley, B.;Lodders, K.
通讯作者：
Lodders, K.

Redox States of Initial Atmospheres Outgassed on Rocky Planets and Planetesimals

岩石行星和星子上除气的初始大气的氧化还原状态

DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/aa784f
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
0
作者：
Schaefer, Laura;Fegley, Bruce
通讯作者：
Fegley, Bruce

COORDINATED ANALYSIS OF TWO GRAPHITE GRAINS FROM THE CO3.0 LAP 031117 METEORITE: FIRST IDENTIFICATION OF A CO NOVA GRAPHITE AND A PRESOLAR IRON SULFIDE SUBGRAIN

对来自 CO3.0 LAP 031117 陨石的两种石墨颗粒进行协调分析：首次识别 CONOVA 石墨和太阳前硫化铁亚颗粒

DOI：
10.3847/0004-637x/825/2/88
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Astrophysical journal
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Haenecour, Pierre;Floss, Christine;José, Jordi;Amari, Sachiko;Lodders, Katharina;Jadhav, Manavi;Wang, Alian;Gyngard, Frank
通讯作者：
Gyngard, Frank

Sulfur in presolar silicon carbide grains from asymptotic giant branch stars