CHS: Medium: Collaborative Research: From Hobby to Socioeconomic Driver: Innovation Pathways to Professional Making in Asia and the American Midwest

CHS：媒介：协作研究：从爱好到社会经济驱动力：亚洲和美国中西部专业制造的创新之路

• 批准号: 1513596
• 负责人: Silvia Lindtner
• 金额: $ 58.35万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1513596&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CHS; Medium; Collaborative; Research; Hobby; CHS; Medium; Collaborative; Research; Hobby

This study concerns the evolving collection of information technology practices that have been grouped under the umbrella of "making," which includes end-user experimentation with emerging forms of hardware and software such as open hardware, digital fabrication, Internet of Things, and more. "Making" has been widely envisioned to enable a transition from tinkering to prototyping and entrepreneurship and, finally, to help revive manufacturing industries in the United States. Making in the US remains largely a hobbyist practice, and the transition from making-as-hobby to a new wave of economy-building technology innovation is not easy. Yet it can be done and indeed is already being done in other parts of the world, including the cities of Shenzhen, China and Taipei, Taiwan. Through empirical research, hands-on design workshops and international comparison, this project will examine and document successful pathways from making as hobby to socioeconomic driver, and how they are supported by technological, policy, economic, and pedagogical infrastructures. Broadly, this research will provide a contribution to studies of technology innovation in regions beyond more familiar technology hubs like Silicon Valley: Asia and the American Midwest. It will contribute to discussions that place models of technology innovation and design in relationship to local histories, cultures, and sociopolitical contexts. This includes debates around non-linear stories of technological progress, creativity, and design. This research will also contribute to a growing body of research focused on investigating the tools, techniques, and social organization of maker collectives, hackerspaces, and repair practices by providing both an ethnographic foundation and technological insights for emerging issues concerning making's transition into production and entrepreneurialism. Making provides the means, tools, and educational culture for developing novel and multidisciplinary approaches in STEM learning. Computation when taught through hands-on making has the potential to open up STEM fields and careers to underrepresented groups and minorities. Prior research has documented, however, that challenges remain; for instance the number of women in makerspaces remains low and professional maker communities are only indirectly brought into STEM education. This project will contribute to a broader national interest in transforming hands-on making into a sustainable model by facilitating interdisciplinary and international collaborations and engaged learning inclusive of the sciences, technology, engineering, arts and design as well as industry and expert amateurs.

这项研究涉及已不断发展的信息技术实践的收集，这些信息技术实践已将其分组为“制作”的保护伞，其中包括最终用户实验，以及新兴形式的硬件和软件，例如开放硬件，数字制造，物联网等。已广泛设想“制造”以使从修补到原型和企业家精神的过渡，最后帮助恢复美国的制造业。 在美国，在很大程度上仍然是一种业余爱好者的实践，并且从建造的新一波经济建设技术创新的过渡并不容易。然而，它可以做到，确实已经在世界其他地区，包括深圳市，中国和台湾台北的城市完成。通过实证研究，动手设计研讨会和国际比较，该项目将检查并记录从业余爱好到社会经济驱动力的成功途径，以及如何受到技术，政策，经济和教学基础设施的支持。从广义上讲，这项研究将为诸如硅谷：亚洲和美国中西部等更熟悉的技术枢纽之外的地区的技术创新研究提供贡献。它将有助于讨论与当地历史，文化和社会政治背景相关的技术创新和设计模型。这包括有关技术进步，创造力和设计的非线性故事的辩论。这项研究还将为越来越多的研究团体贡献，致力于调查制造商集体，黑客空间和维修实践的工具，技术和社会组织，通过提供民族志基础和技术见解，以实现有关使生产和企业家主义过渡到生产和企业家主义的新兴问题的技术见解。制作提供了开发STEM学习新颖和多学科方法的手段，工具和教育文化。通过动手进行教学时，计算有可能向代表性不足的群体和少数群体开放STEM领域和职业。然而，先前的研究已经记录了挑战。例如，创客空间中的妇女人数仍然很少，专业制造商社区仅间接地带入了STEM教育。该项目将通过促进跨学科和国际合作，并吸引包括科学，技术，工程，艺术和设计以及行业和专家业余爱好者的学习，从而有助于更广泛的国家兴趣将动手实践转变为可持续模型。