Chemical Biology Approaches to Sorting Out Functions of the MYST Acetyltransferases

理清 MYST 乙酰转移酶功能的化学生物学方法

• 批准号: 1507741
• 负责人: Y George Zheng
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1507741&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Biology; Approaches; Sorting; Out; Chemical; Biology; Approaches; Sorting; Out

With this award, the Chemistry of Life Processes Program in the Chemistry Division is funding Professor Y. George Zheng at The University of Georgia to investigate the molecular basis for the enzymatic mechanisms of the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases (HATs). Biological traits such as eye and hair color are encoded in the specific genes. Factors other than gene sequences also play roles in when genes are turned on and off. The variations in traits that do not depend on gene sequences are referred to collectively as epigenetics. One key epigenetic mechanism is the acetylation of chromosomal proteins called histones catalyzed by enzymes known as histone acetyltransferases (HATs). How HAT enzymes regulate epigenetic processes is poorly understood. This research project is designed to elucidate molecular mechanisms in the function of HAT proteins. The program will create interdisciplinary training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students in chemical biology and epigenetics research. By getting involved in these projects, students will learn how to design experimental strategies and apply advanced technologies to resolve key problems in today's cutting-edge biological research. Outreach will be extended to high school students by sponsoring research internships for them. These research-related educational efforts are important to prepare next-generation scientists in chemical and biological sciences.Functional roles will be investigated for key amino acid residues of the HATs in substrate recognition and acetylation. Bioorthogonal chemical biology probes will be used to profile cellular substrates of the MYST HATs at the proteomic level, and activity-based chemical probes will be created to dissect critical cellular factors that regulate the enzymatic activity of the MYST HATs. A multidisciplinary approach, involving molecular cloning, organic synthesis, protein expression, enzymology, and mass spectrometry, will be employed to investigate substrate specificity and biochemical functions of key MYST HAT enzymes. The proposed research can be expected to yield a better understanding of HAT biology by providing mechanistic insights into how protein acetylation is regulated and exerts its impact in MYST-mediated cellular pathways. In the process, new chemical tools for the functional study of HATs in general will be prepared. On a broader level, advancement of knowledge of post-translational modifications in epigenetic regulation will be coupled with multidisciplinary research training opportunities for graduate students and undergraduates as well as internship experiences for high schools students.

通过这一奖项，化学司的化学过程计划是佐治亚大学Y. George Zheng教授的资助，以研究Myst组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HATS）的酶促机制的分子基础。眼睛和头发等生物特征在特定基因中编码。 基因序列以外的其他因素在打开和关闭基因时也起着作用。 不依赖基因序列的性状的变化被称为表观遗传学。 一种关键的表观遗传机制是被称为组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HATS）催化的称为组蛋白的染色体蛋白的乙酰化。 HAT酶如何调节表观遗传过程的理解很少。该研究项目旨在阐明HAT蛋白功能的分子机制。 该计划将为化学生物学和表观遗传学研究的研究生和本科生创造跨学科的培训机会。 通过参与这些项目，学生将学习如何设计实验策略并应用高级技术来解决当今尖端的生物学研究中的关键问题。 通过赞助他们的研究实习，外展将扩展到高中生。这些与研究相关的教育工作对于准备化学和生物科学的下一代科学家很重要。将研究帽子在底物识别和乙酰化中的关键氨基酸残基的功能作用。 生物正交化学生物学探针将用于在蛋白质组学水平上介绍Myst Hats的细胞底物，并将创建基于活性的化学探针以剖析调节Myst Hats酶促活性的关键细胞因子。 涉及分子克隆，有机合成，蛋白质表达，酶学和质谱法的多学科方法将用于研究关键神秘hat酶的底物特异性和生化功能。 可以预期，通过提供有关如何调节蛋白质乙酰化的机理见解，并在Myst介导的细胞途径中发挥影响，可以预期该研究对HAT生物学有了更好的了解。 在此过程中，将准备用于帽子功能研究的新化学工具。 从更广泛的角度来看，在表观遗传调节中的翻译后修改知识的进步将与研究生和本科生的多学科研究培训机会以及高中生的实习经验。