CSR: Medium: Collaborative Research: Guardian Angel---Enabling Mobile Safety Systems

CSR：媒介：协作研究：守护天使——赋能移动安全系统

• 批准号: 1505175
• 负责人: Jie Yang
• 金额: $ 12.09万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-01 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1505175&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CSR; Medium; Collaborative; Research; Guardian

To date, safety services are typically constructed as dedicated stovepipe systems focusing on high reliability and a specific area of risk (e.g., automotive safety systems). Usage of
 such services remains limited since they require a dedicated investment for each system. This project trades off the ultra-high reliability of dedicated systems for the much more 
rapid adoption of safety services that comes with integrating them directly into mobiles and wearables. By demonstrating the feasibility of this approach, this project can contribute to saving lives, such as some of the more than 30,000 traffic fatalities in the United States each year. It can also inform regulatory policy for safety services 
at the CPSC, NHTSA, or FCC. Moreover, the PIs will not only train graduate students to conduct the research but also actively include undergraduates and high school students through research internship programs. Results will be disseminated through scholarly publications, active outreach to the wireless and mobile industry through WINLAB's industry events and connections.This project seeks to demonstrate that the mobile devices we carry and wear can provide effective safety services. This is particularly relevant where our devices contribute to dangers by causing distractions for drivers and pedestrians. This project therefore pursues the vision of a system that offsets such unsafe use by continually sensing our activities and surroundings, identifying potentially dangerous situations, and mitigating them through appropriate interventions. At a technical level, the primary challenge lies not only in designing precise sensing techniques but in understanding and managing the level of confidence provided by these techniques. A key observation is that there are usually multiple possible interventions of varying levels of intrusiveness and tolerance to false positives. It is therefore important to match interventions to the confidence level provided by the sensors. To address this challenge, the project develops system support and a toolkit to help developers track and manage mobile
 sensing uncertainty. It explores crowdsourcing failure and relevance data
 from a large user population and automatically estimating the confidence provided
 by internal sensing and activity recognition components. The toolkit can further use the obtained metrics to help adapt sensing or application behavior. The system might conserve energy by switching one context sensor to a fallback mode from a diversity mode; or, the system could
 switch to a different intervention if the level of confidence has changed. System validation includes prototyping two application use cases, which sense and mitigate mobile device distractions for drivers and pedestrians. Together, these techniques form the system, which supports development of many other effective safety services on mobile devices.

迄今为止，安全服务通常被构造为专用的stovepipe系统，重点是高可靠性和特定的风险领域（例如汽车安全系统）。使用＆＃8232;此类服务仍然有限，因为它们需要为每个系统进行专门投资。该项目将专用系统的超高可靠性交易，以迅速采用直接将它们集成到手机和可穿戴设备中的安全服务。通过证明这种方法的可行性，该项目可以有助于挽救生命，例如美国每年有30,000多名交通死亡中的一些。它还可以在CPSC，NHTSA或FCC上为安全服务的监管政策提供信息。此外，PI不仅将培训研究生进行研究，还可以通过研究实习计划积极包括本科生和高中生。结果将通过学术出版物，通过Winlab的行业活动和连接进行积极向无线和移动行业的积极宣传来传播结果。本项目旨在证明我们携带和佩戴的移动设备可以提供有效的安全服务。这是特别重要的，我们的设备通过给驾驶员和行人造成干扰而造成危险。因此，该项目通过不断感知我们的活动和周围环境，确定潜在的危险情况并通过适当的干预措施来抵消这种不安全使用的系统的愿景。在技​​术层面上，主要挑战不仅在于设计精确的感应技术，还在于理解和管理这些技术提供的信心水平。一个关键的观察是，通常有多种可能的干预措施，即对假阳性的侵入性和容忍度的不同。因此，重要的是将干预措施与传感器提供的置信度保持匹配。为了应对这一挑战，该项目开发系统支持和工具包，以帮助开发人员跟踪和管理移动设备＆＃8232;感知不确定性。它探讨了众包失败和相关性数据＆＃8232;从大量的用户人群中，自动估计提供的置信度＆＃8232;通过内部感应和活动识别组件。该工具包可以进一步使用所获得的指标来帮助调整感应或应用行为。该系统可以通过从多样性模式将一个上下文传感器切换到后备模式来节省能源；或者，系统可以＆＃8232;如果置信度改变了，请切换到不同的干预措施。系统验证包括针对两个应用程序用例的原型，这些用例有理由减轻对驾驶员和行人的移动设备分散注意力。这些技术共同构成了系统，该系统支持在移动设备上开发许多其他有效的安全服务。