Dissertation Research: Parent-embryo Interactions in Glassfrogs - Female Mating Strategies, Paternal Effort, and Adaptive Plasticity in Hatching

论文研究：玻璃蛙的亲代-胚胎相互作用——雌性交配策略、父系努力和孵化过程中的适应性可塑性

• 批准号: 1501531
• 负责人: Karen Warkentin
• 金额: $ 1.64万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1501531&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Parent; embryo; Interactions

A fundamental goal of behavioral ecology is to understand how shared interests and conflicts among related individuals shape family life. Offspring benefit from increasing parental care, but parents' ability to care for young is limited by resources needed for future reproduction and survival. This conflict is thought to favor strategies that allow individuals to balance the costs and benefits of parenting. Research on this topic has typically focused on species with conventional sex roles where females care for young. In glassfrogs, males care for eggs and embryos can hatch early to escape from abandoned eggs. This project will evaluate hypotheses about father embryo co-evolution by assessing heritability and variation in ecologically important paternal and embryonic traits. It will test if females select good fathers or mate strategically to induce good parenting and how interactions between parents affect the evolution of embryos' hatching strategies. This project will offer new perspectives on family life by testing how sexual selection influences the behavior of fathers and embryos. Glassfrog family interactions have substantial appeal for scientific education and public outreach. The PIs will work with the media, museums, and zoos to disseminate results broadly. This project will offer training in integrative methods of genomics, behavioral ecology, and quantitative genetics for a graduate student and an undergraduate assistant and foster collaborations with Latin American researchers. This research uses adaptive plasticity in hatching to examine parent offspring interactions and their consequences in a glassfrog with male care of eggs. In Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum, higher mating success results in more paternal effort, longer embryonic periods, and higher offspring survival. The team will use a next-generation genotype-by-sequencing method for maternity analysis, in combination with detailed histories of male mating and caring behavior, to assess female mating choices in the context of social environments. Specifically, they will test whether females mate tactically to exploit male care and assess potential mutual benefits to co-nesting females. The team will test hypotheses of father embryo co-evolution by assessing covariation between paternal traits, measured in a field experiment, and hatching responses of their embryos, measured in a common-garden experiment. This study extends fundamental tests of parent offspring interactions to a system with male-only care, and will inform and motivate other research on parental and embryo strategies. Data will be shared in online supplements to publications or in public archives (DRYAD, the Sequence Read Archive, GenBank) as appropriate. Outreach materials will be posted online.

行为生态学的一个基本目标是了解相关个人之间的共同利益和冲突如何塑造家庭生活。后代受益于增加父母的护理，但是父母对年轻的护理能力受到未来繁殖和生存所需的资源的限制。人们认为这种冲突有利于允许个人平衡育儿成本和收益的策略。关于该主题的研究通常集中在女性关心年轻人的传统性角色的物种上。在玻璃蛙场中，男性照顾鸡蛋和胚胎可以早日孵化以逃离废弃的鸡蛋。该项目将通过评估生态上重要的父亲和胚胎特征的遗传力和变异来评估有关胚胎共同进化的假设。它将测试女性是否在战略上选择好父亲或伴侣来诱导良好的育儿，以及父母之间的互动如何影响胚胎孵化策略的演变。该项目将通过测试性选择如何影响父亲和胚胎的行为来提供有关家庭生活的新观点。 Glassfrog家庭互动对科学教育和公共宣传具有重大吸引力。 PI将与媒体，博物馆和动物园合作，以广泛的态度传播结果。该项目将为研究生以及与拉丁美洲研究人员的本科助理和寄养合作提供基因组学，行为生态学和定量遗传学方法的培训。这项研究在孵化时使用自适应可塑性来检查父母的后代相互作用及其在男性护理鸡蛋的玻璃蛙场中的后果。在透明质酸的脊椎动物杂质中，较高的交配成功导致父亲的努力，更长的胚胎时期和更高的后代生存。该团队将使用下一代基因型的孕妇分析，结合男性交配和关怀行为的详细历史，以评估社交环境中的女性交配选择。具体来说，他们将测试女性是否在战术上交配以利用男性护理并评估对共同纽约女性的潜在互惠益处。该团队将通过评估父亲共同进化的假设，通过评估在野外实验中测量的父亲性状之间的协方差，并在共同的实验中测量其胚胎的孵化反应。这项研究将父母后代相互作用的基本测试扩展到具有男性护理的系统，并将为其他关于父母和胚胎策略的研究提供信息并激励其他研究。数据将在出版物或公共档案馆（Dryad，序列读取档案，GenBank）中共享。外展材料将在线发布。