DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Reassessing the role of the Great American Biotic Interchange in the evolution of the raccoon family

论文研究：重新评估大美国生物交换在浣熊家族进化中的作用

• 批准号: 1500535
• 负责人: Larry Rockwood
• 金额: $ 1.65万
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1500535&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Reassessing; role; Great

The Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI) was a major biogeographic event that connected the terrestrial animal communities of North and South America via the closure of the Panamanian Isthmus. Geological evidence and the fossil record have suggested that the closure of the isthmus occurred 3 million years ago (mya), but more recent studies suggest a much older age for the formation of a landbridge between North and South America, around 15 mya. Among mammals of North American origin, the raccoon family (Procyonidae), which also includes coatis, kinkajous, olingos, and ringtails, has one of the longest histories in South America. The fossil record shows that an extinct member of this group was the first North American mammal to immigrate to South America, approximately 7-9 mya. While the prevailing hypothesis states that immigration of modern members of this group took place 3 mya, recent estimates based on DNA sequence data revealed that this family has had a much longer tenure in South America. This study will more thoroughly test competing hypotheses regarding the process and timing of evolution of this group, with the potential to revise our understanding of mammal evolution in the Neotropics, while contributing to advancement in the fields of genomics, systematics, taxonomy, and biogeography, as well as promoting the professional development of an early-career female STEM researcher. This project will use an integrative approach to test competing hypotheses based on genomic analyses of museum specimens, morphometrics, and biogeographic modeling. Ancient DNA techniques in combination with high-throughput sequencing methods will be used to sequence mitochondrial genomes as well as to sample the nuclear genome using a novel intron-capture microarray. Morphometric data will be analyzed separately and in conjunction with comparative genomic data to test hypotheses regarding procyonid evolution and revise the taxonomy of this group. A new biogeographic model for the evolution of the raccoon family that accommodates the most recent DNA and geological evidence will be tested against the traditional fossil-based hypothesis, and will integrate phylogenetic data to reassess the tempo and geographic pattern of diversification associated with the GABI. Results will be shared through scientific publications co-authored by the PI, Co-PI, and collaborators. Genomic and morphological data, protocols, scripts and parameters used in the analyses will be made publicly available through the electronic repositories of NCBI?s Genbank and Dryad.

美国伟大的生物互换（GABI）是一项重大的生物地理事件，该事件通过关闭巴拿马峡部的关闭，将北美洲和南美洲的陆地动物群落联系起来。地质证据和化石记录表明，地峡的关闭发生在300万年前（MYA），但最近的研究表明，大约15 Mya的北美和南美洲之间的Landbridge形成了年龄要大得多。在北美起源的哺乳动物中，浣熊家族（Procyonidae）还包括Coatis，Kinkajous，Olingos和Ringtails，是南美最长的历史之一。化石记录表明，该小组的一个灭绝成员是第一个移民南美的北美哺乳动物，约7-9 Mya。尽管普遍的假设指出，该小组的现代成员的移民发生在3 Mya，但基于DNA序列数据的最新估计表明，该家庭在南美的任期更长。这项研究将更彻底地检验有关该组进化的过程和时间安排的竞争假设，并有可能修改我们对新型新型化学哺乳动物进化的理解，同时促进基因组学，系统学，分类学，生物地理学领域的进步，并促进早期养生者的职业发展。该项目将使用一种综合方法来测试基于博物馆标本，形态计量学和生物地理模型的基因组分析的竞争假设。古代DNA技术与高通量测序方法结合使用，将用于对线粒体基因组进行测序，并使用新型的内含子捕获微阵列对核基因组进行采样。形态数据将分别分析并与比较基因组数据一起测试有关procyonid进化的假设并修改该组的分类法。浣熊家族进化的新生物地理模型将针对传统的基于化石的假设进行测试，并将对基于化石的假设进行测试，并将整合系统发育数据以重新评估与GABI相关的多元化的节奏和地理模式。结果将通过PI，Co-Pi和合作者共同创作的科学出版物共享。分析中使用的基因组和形态数据，方案，脚本和参数将通过NCBI的GenBank和Dryad的电子存储库公开提供。