Collaborative research: Sea-level variability during the Common Era

合作研究：公元元年海平面变化

• 批准号: 1458904
• 负责人: Benjamin Horton
• 金额: $ 25.54万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-15 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1458904&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Sea; level; variability

Part 1The research to be performed will help inform projections of regional and global mean sea-level rise as well as contribute to the climate change impacts assessment. The investigators will reconstruct the relative sea-level variability during the Common Era (~ last 2000 years) along the Atlantic coasts of Newfoundland and Florida and the Florida Gulf coast at higher resolution and in greater detail than is now available. The investigators will work with the National Estuarine Research Reserves Coastal Training Program, the Rutgers Climate and Environmental Change Initiative, and Rutgers Cooperative Extension program to develop applied use of the information from this project. The project seeks to offer an Earthwatch IGNITE project to high school students to provide them with the opportunity to participate in field trips and experience the scientific research firsthand. Results will be showcased to the local community at Tufts Research Days and Rutgers Day, annual events held on campus which will allow the public to engage with the researchers. Undergraduate students will be involved in the research, in both field work and laboratory analysis. Two early-career investigators will be supported by this work and partial support will be provided for postdoctoral scientists from Rutgers University and Tufts University and for graduate students at Rutgers University and the University of Rhode Island. Part 2The proposed work will use geological proxies to reconstruct Common Era relative sea level variability along the Atlantic coasts of Newfoundland and Florida and the Florida Gulf coast at ~0.2m vertical resolution and decadal-to-centennial temporal resolution. To estimate global mean sea level and the spatio-temporal field of eastern North American Common Era relative sea level, the new relative sea level reconstructions will be combined with existing relative sea level reconstructions and tide gauge measurements in an empirical Bayesian statistical framework. The data and statistical model would be used to test the following research questions: 1) whether sea level along the North American Atlantic and Gulf coasts has varied as a direct consequence of a warmer climate during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and cooler climate during the Little Ice Age; 2) whether spatial variability of sea level during the Common Era can be attributed to static-equilibrium effects of land ice changes and/or ocean dynamics; 3) whether Earth models with depth-varying Earth structure are sufficient to capture the spatio-temporal geometry of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment along the east coast of North America; and 4) whether the rate of sea-level rise since ~1850 in eastern North America has been greater than any other centennial trend during the previous two millennia. The proposed work is of significant societal relevance as it will provide more accurate data for use in the projections of regional and global mean sea-level rise as well as contribute to the climate change impacts assessment.

第1部分进行的研究将有助于告知区域和全球平均海平面上升的预测，并为气候变化影响评估做出贡献。调查人员将在纽芬兰和佛罗里达州大西洋海岸和佛罗里达墨西哥湾沿岸以更高的分辨率和更详细的详细信息重建相对时代的相对海平面变异性（〜最后2000年），比现在可用。 调查人员将与国家河口研究保留沿海培训计划，Rutgers气候和环境变化计划以及Rutgers合作扩展计划合作，以开发该项目中信息的应用。该项目旨在为高中生提供一个Earthwatch Ignite项目，以为他们提供参加实地考察并亲身体验科学研究的机会。结果将在Tufts研究日和罗格斯日（Rutgers Day）上向当地社区展示，这是在校园举行的年度活动，这将使公众能够与研究人员互动。本科生将参与现场工作和实验室分析。这项工作将为两名早期的研究人员提供支持，并将为罗格斯大学和塔夫茨大学的博士后科学家以及罗格斯大学和罗德岛大学的研究生提供部分支持。第2部分，拟议的工作将使用地质代理来重建纽芬兰和佛罗里达州大西洋海岸的共同时代相对海平面的可变性，以及佛罗里达墨西哥湾沿岸的垂直分辨率约为0.2m，并且十年至中心的时间分辨率约为0.2m。为了估计北美东部公共时代相对海平面的全球平均海平面和时空领域，新的相对海平面重建将与现有的相对海平面重建和潮汐量规测量结合在一起。数据和统计模型将用于测试以下研究问题：1）北美大西洋和墨西哥湾沿岸的海平面是否是在中世纪气候异常中较温暖气候的直接结果，而在小冰河时期的气候较低； 2）在公共时代，海平面的空间变异是否可以归因于陆地冰变化和/或海洋动力学的静态平衡效应； 3）地球模型是否足以捕获北美东海岸冰川等静态调节的时空几何形状； 4）自1850年左右在北美东部以来的海平面上升速度是否比前两千年中的任何其他百年纪念趋势都要大。拟议的工作具有重要的社会相关性，因为它将提供更准确的数据，以便在区域和全球平均海平面上升的预测中使用，并为气候变化影响评估做出贡献。

项目成果

Postglacial relative sea-level histories along the eastern Canadian coastline

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.09.043
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: M. Vacchi;S. Engelhart;D. Nikitina;Erica L. Ashe;W. Peltier;K. Roy;Robert E Kopp;B. Horton

Mapping Sea-Level Change in Time, Space, and Probability

• DOI: 10.1146/annurev-environ-102017-025826
• 发表时间: 2018-01-01
• 期刊: ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES, VOL 43
• 作者: Horton, Benjamin P.;Kopp, Robert E.;Shaw, Timothy A.
• 通讯作者: Shaw, Timothy A.

Holocene sea-level database from the Atlantic coast of Europe

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.031
• 发表时间: 2018-04
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Ane García-Artola;P. Stéphan;A. Cearreta;Robert E Kopp;N. Khan;B. Horton

Relative sea-level change in Newfoundland, Canada during the past ∼3000 years

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.012
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: A. Kemp;A. Wright;R. Edwards;R. Barnett;M. Brain;Robert E Kopp;N. Cahill;B. Horton;D. Charman;A. Hawkes;T. Hill;O. van de Plassche