EAGER: Collaborative: Understanding How Manipulated Images Influence People

EAGER：协作：了解经过处理的图像如何影响人们

• 批准号: 1444840
• 负责人: James O'Brien
• 金额: $ 13万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-01 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1444840&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Understanding; How; Manipulated

As an abundance of hardware and software tools is dramatically decreasing the cost and effort required to manipulate digital images, the risks and dangers associated with malicious attackers easily routing doctored images through computer and social networks to purposefully influence viewers' opinions, attitudes, and actions have never been more severe. While there is a growing awareness that images no longer represent an authentic proof of reality, there is a gap in research about the public's vulnerabilities to visual misinformation and how individuals make credible evaluations about image authenticity. Filling the gap in research, this work conducts a series of empirical studies to find out the social and cognitive heuristics online viewers use in image credibility evaluation and how such evaluations influence their attitudes and behaviors. The data from these studies will help predict the ways by which viewers are most likely to accept evidence that online images have been manipulated and how they subsequently revise their emotions and beliefs surrounding them. This work also looks at potential ways cyber attackers could use social media to subvert social order by spreading visual misinformation, and what strategies would be effective in combating such behavior. Results from this work will inform the design of software for forensic image analysis and will lay the grounds for new technologies that help Internet users in continuously assessing the veracity of the mediated visual hoaxes and scams they receive online.

由于大量的硬件和软件工具正在大大降低操纵数字图像所需的成本和精力，因此与恶意攻击者相关的风险和危险很容易通过计算机和社交网络来塑造塑造的图像，从而有目的地影响观众的观点，态度和行动，从未如此严重。虽然越来越意识到图像不再代表现实的真实证明，但研究的差距是关于公众对视觉错误信息的脆弱性以及个人如何对图像真实性进行可靠评估的差距。在填补研究的空白中，这项工作进行了一系列实证研究，以找出在线观众在图像信誉评估中使用的社会和认知启发式方法，以及这种评估如何影响他们的态度和行为。这些研究的数据将有助于预测观众最有可能接受在线图像被操纵的证据以及他们随后如何修改他们周围的情绪和信念的方式。这项工作还着眼于网络攻击者可以使用社交媒体来通过传播视觉错误信息来颠覆社交秩序的潜在方式，以及哪些策略有效地打击了这种行为。这项工作的结果将为法医图像分析的软件设计提供信息，并将为新技术奠定基础，以帮助互联网用户不断评估他们在线收到的中介视觉骗局和骗局的真实性。