Collaborative Research: CSBR: Natural History Collections: Georeferencing U.S. Fish Collections: a community-based model to georeferencing natural history collections

合作研究：CSBR：自然历史收藏：美国鱼类收藏地理配准：基于社区的自然历史收藏地理配准模型

• 批准号: 1441910
• 负责人: Mark Westneat
• 金额: $ 6.21万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-16 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1441910&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; CSBR; Natural; History

An award is made to use computing technology developed in connection with previous NSF support to collaboratively geospatially reference, a.k.a. georeference, (i.e., determine latitude and longitude coordinates for) the estimated two million ungeoreferenced fish species occurrence records currently in the now greatly enhanced and soon to be expanded Fishnet2 network of fish collection databases (http://www.fishnet2.net/). The records will be georeferenced using the Community Georeferencing System of the GEOLocate software platform based at Tulane University (http://www.museum.tulane.edu/geolocate/). Each coordinate determination will include a new polygon method for describing uncertainty, which will be compared to the more traditional point-radius-based uncertainties currently in wide use to inform best practices in future georeferencing projects. Experiments in crowd sourcing will also be performed on subset of the georeferenced work at Tulane as an education and outreach activity involving local high school students and Tulane undergraduates. Georeferencing natural history collection data is a critical step in a process of mobilizing biodiversity data that starts with digitizing collection records, continues through databasing and networking, and ultimately gives researchers remote access to the vast specimen and data resources of natural history museums. Having access to georeferenced specimen occurrence data allows researchers to address important scientific and societal questions in areas such as endangered species conservation, environmental restoration, and preparing for global climate change. The resource of georeferenced locality records provided by this project will serve several purposes, beyond its usefulness to the fish collection community. It can be used for georeferencing data for other groups of organisms, especially aquatic organisms, which were likely sampled at many of the same access points (e.g., in rivers near bridge crossings) or at the same time as many of the fish specimens. This project will reult in a compiled gazetteer of all georeferenced localities that is available to other collection digitization projects, including projects in the Advancing Digitization of Biological Collections (ADBC) program. The resource of georeferenced collection localities created through this project will also serve the fish collection and broader natural history collection community as a resource for cleaning taxonomic data, thanks to the map visualization of data it supports. Mapping specimen occurrences makes it easier for taxonomic experts to detect errors in specimen identity and distribution, resulting in more accurate taxonomic and geographic data. The education and outreach activities of this project will specifically target underrepresented minorities from New Orleans area schools in an effort to increase minority participation in natural history collection based research.

授予使用与以前的NSF支持有关的计算技术，又称Georeference（即确定纬度和经度坐标），估计估计有200万个无寻常的鱼类物种的出现记录，目前正在大大增强，并且很快将被扩展到FISHNET2 FISHNET2数据库网络（HTT）。 这些记录将使用位于杜兰大学（http://www.museum.tulane.edu/geolocate/）的Geolocate Software平台的社区地理发行系统进行地理化。每个坐标的确定将包括一种新的多边形方法来描述不确定性，该方法将与目前广泛使用的更传统的基于--Radius的不确定性相提并论，以告知未来的地理发行项目中的最佳实践。人群采购的实验也将在图兰（Tulane）的地理参与工作的子集中进行，作为涉及当地高中生和图兰大学本科生的教育和外展活动。 在动员生物多样性数据的过程中，Georeferencing自然历史收集数据是从数字化收集记录开始的过程中的关键步骤，通过数据表和网络继续进行，并最终使研究人员远程访问自然历史博物馆的广阔标本和数据资源。 访问地理参与的标本发生数据可以使研究人员能够在濒危物种保护，环境恢复以及为全球气候变化做准备等领域中解决重要的科学和社会问题。该项目提供的地理参考区域记录的资源将达到多种目的，而不是其对鱼类收集社区的有用性。它可用于用于其他生物群，尤其是水生生物的地理发射数据，这些生物可能在许多相同的接入点（例如，在桥梁交叉点附近的河流中）或与许多鱼类样品同时进行采样。该项目将在所有地理参考地区的所有地理参考地点的宪报中重新使用，这些地名将用于其他收集数字化项目，包括在生物收藏计划（ADBC）计划的数字化方面进行的项目。通过该项目创建的地理参与收集区域的资源还将为鱼类收集和更广泛的自然历史收集社区提供清洁分类数据的资源，这要归功于其支持的数据的地图可视化。 映射标本的发生使分类专家更容易检测标本身份和分布的错误，从而产生了更准确的分类学和地理数据。该项目的教育和外展活动将特别针对新奥尔良地区学校代表性不足的少数民族，以增加少数民族参与基于自然历史的研究。