POLARBEAR/Simons Array: High-fidelity maps of CMB polarization to study large-scale structure, measure neutrino masses, and search for the signature of inflation

POLARBEAR/Simons 阵列：高保真 CMB 偏振图，用于研究大尺度结构、测量中微子质量并寻找暴胀特征

• 批准号: 1440338
• 负责人: Adrian Lee
• 金额: $ 499.92万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1440338&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: POLARBEAR; Simons; Array; fidelity; maps

The POLARBEAR experiment measures polarized fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) to search for the signature of gravitational waves from inflation, potentially opening a window on the universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. This is a major quest of current physics and astronomy and has broad implications for our understanding of the origin and history of the universe. AST has previously funded the construction, commissioning, and initial operations of the first POLARBEAR 3.5m-diameter telescope at the Atacama desert site near ALMA in Chile. The current award will support commissioning and operations of a second telesope under partnership with the Simons foundation and other collaborating institutions in the US, Japan, Canada, and the UK. The award will support advanced traning for students in instrumentation and facility development. Other broader impacts include educational programs for K-12 students and the general public.Science goals in addition to B-mode gravitational waves include a search for massive neutrinos, a map of large scale structure in the universe via gravitational lensing, and constraints on the primordial helium abundance and the effective number of relativistic species.

极性实验测量了宇宙微波背景（CMB）中的极化波动，以搜索通货膨胀中引力波的标志，在大爆炸之后，有可能在宇宙上打开一秒钟的窗口。这是对当前物理和天文学的主要追求，对我们对宇宙起源和历史的理解具有广泛的影响。 AST此前曾在智利阿尔玛附近的Atacama Desert Site上资助了第一个极性望远镜的第一个极性望远镜的建设，调试和初步操作。目前的奖项将支持与西蒙斯基金会以及美国，日本，加拿大和英国其他合作机构合作的第二台望远镜的调试和运营。 该奖项将为仪器和设施开发的学生提供高级班。 其他更广泛的影响包括针对K-12学生和公众的教育计划。除了B模式引力波之外，还包括搜索大规模的中微子，通过重力镜头在宇宙中大规模结构的地图以及对原始氦气的限制以及有效物种的有效数量。