JINA Center for the Evolution of the Elements

JINA 元素演化中心

• 批准号: 1430152
• 负责人: Hendrik Schatz
• 金额: $ 1140万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1430152&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: JINA; Center; Evolution; Elements; JINA; Center; Evolution; Elements

Much remains unknown about the origin and evolution of the elements that comprise the universe beyond those created in the Big Bang. Making significant advances in these areas requires investigations at the intersection of nuclear physics and astrophysics. Through this Physics Frontiers Centers (PFC) award the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics - Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE) will focus on answering closely connected open questions related to the origin of the elements and the properties of dense matter probed by neutron stars. JINA-CEE will build on the expertise and technical developments from its past two PFC awards and use innovative laboratory experiments, combined with theoretical and computational approaches, to address the broad range of nuclear physics and astrophysics challenges underlying these science goals. The resulting insights will be integrated into comprehensive physics models of element creation and neutron stars that are then compared to existing and new observational data. JINA-CEE will continue to have educational and research impacts within the nuclear astrophysics community through its interdisciplinary workshop, school, and visitor programs. In addition it will create new multi-institutional graduate course modules and undergraduate course components while reaching out to K-12 students, teachers, and the general public.The transition from a three element (hydrogen, helium, and lithium) universe, with a small number of isotopes, to a chemically diverse cosmos containing eighty-two long-lived elements with hundreds of isotopes, is significant and not well understood. Neutron star matter plays an important role for the origin of the elements, as it shapes the synthesis of many of the heavy elements in nature produced in core-collapse supernovae and in neutron star mergers. JINA-CEE will explore two closely interrelated questions through experimental, theoretical, and computational approaches: "How were the elements beyond hydrogen and helium created during the first billion years after the Big Bang?" and "What are the properties of neutron-rich nuclear matter and how can it be probed by observations of neutron stars?"

关于构成宇宙超越大爆炸中宇宙的元素的起源和演变，尚不清楚。在这些领域取得重大进展需要在核物理和天体物理学的交集上进行调查。通过该物理前沿中心（PFC）奖核核天体物理学联合研究所 - 元素进化中心（Jina -Cee）将着重于回答与中子星的元素起源和密集物质概述的密切相关的开放问题。 Jina-Cee将建立在过去两个PFC奖项中的专业知识和技术发展的基础上，并使用创新的实验室实验，再加上理论和计算方法，以应对这些科学目标所基于的广泛的核物理和天体物理学挑战。所得的见解将集成到元素创建和中子星的综合物理模型中，然后将其与现有和新的观察数据进行比较。 Jina-Cee将通过其跨学科研讨会，学校和访客计划继续在核天体物理学社区内对教育和研究产生影响。 In addition it will create new multi-institutional graduate course modules and undergraduate course components while reaching out to K-12 students, teachers, and the general public.The transition from a three element (hydrogen, helium, and lithium) universe, with a small number of isotopes, to a chemically diverse cosmos containing eighty-two long-lived elements with hundreds of isotopes, is significant and not well understood.中子恒星物质在元素的起源中起着重要作用，因为它塑造了核心 - 偏曲超新星和中子星星合并中自然产生的许多重元素的综合。 Jina-Cee将通过实验，理论和计算方法探讨两个紧密相互关联的问题：“在大爆炸之后的前十亿年中，氢气和氦气之外的元素如何如何？” “中子核物质的特性是什么？如何通过观察中子星来探测它？”