MRI: Development of a Solar Photometric Instrument: Cartesian Full Disk Telescope-3 (SOPHI - CFDT3)

MRI：太阳光度测量仪器的开发：笛卡尔全盘望远镜 3 (SOPHI - CFDT3)

• 批准号: 1429757
• 负责人: Gary Chapman
• 金额: $ 49.39万
• 依托单位: The University Corporation, Northridge
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1429757&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Solar; Photometric; Instrument

The main thrust of this 3-year MRI project is to develop a second-generation of photometry program at the San Fernando Observatory (SFO) that is built upon the strong foundation laid by the original program. This would yield photometric studies of the Sun, which is a powerful tool for modeling and understanding solar variability. The current solar cycle 24 demonstrates that solar variability is still unpredictable, and therefore requires continued measurement. While absolute solar radiative flux is measured from space, solar images from ground-based telescopes are used to decipher information about the photospheric and chromospheric sources of variability. The SFO and California State University at Northridge (CSUN) are well suited to continue to carry out long term photometric observations, while keeping costs low and employing undergraduate and graduate students, as well interested faculty. The resulting data product will be a uniform photometric record of daily solar images in multiple wavelengths, eventually at least 50 years long, which will yield information needed to study active region contributions to solar irradiance across two or more Hale magnetic cycles. The models to be developed with the new CFDT3 data will be used to: (1) provide support for space-based irradiance monitors; (2) characterize past and future variations in the amount of solar power reaching Earth; and, (3) gain deeper understanding of the physical sources of the Sun?s irradiance changes. The SFO/CFDT photometry program records full-disk solar images at multiple wavelengths on all sunny days (about 65% of the year), and maintains an archive of metadata describing solar variability.The broader impact of the SFO?s photometry program is four-fold: (1) maintain a fundamental scientific data set; (2) support space-based solar irradiance monitors; (3) generate secondary data of interest to the larger scientific community; and, (4) fulfill an educational mission. Using the new data from CFDT3, the project team will reconstruct changes in the Sun?s total and spectral radiative output. These reconstructions are a valuable tool for the solar irradiance research community: not only do they provide scientific information, but they also allow the identification of discontinuities in the space-based irradiance record that can help bridge gaps between spacecraft missions. The analyses of solar variability are applicable to the study of other Sun-like stars. A major impact is educating undergraduate and graduate students in observational solar physics. California State University at Northridge is designated as an Hispanic Serving Institution and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution. Its pool of students reflects the ethnic diversity of its geographic area. CFDT3 is a hands-on instrument that will entice and encourage students to explore and consider Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers. Its accessibility allows for its integration into CSUN?s Physics and Astronomy curriculum at both graduate and undergraduate levels. Public outreach efforts through CSUN planetarium presentations expose the ethnically diverse population of the San Fernando Valley to the possibilities of scientific research.

这个为期三年的MRI项目的主要目的是在圣费尔南多天文台（SFO）开发第二代光度计计划，该计划建立在原始程序奠定的强大基础上。 这将产生太阳的光度研究，这是建模和理解太阳可变性的强大工具。 当前的太阳周期24表明太阳可变性仍然无法预测，因此需要继续测量。 尽管从空间中测量了绝对太阳辐射通量，但地面望远镜的太阳图像用于解读有关光球和色球变异源的信息。 诺斯里奇（CSUN）的SFO和加利福尼亚州立大学非常适合继续进行长期的光度观察，同时保持低廉的成本和雇用本科生和研究生以及感兴趣的教职员工。 所得的数据产品将是多个波长的每日太阳图像的统一光度记录，最终将至少50年，这将产生在两个或多个Hale磁性周期中研究主动区域对太阳辐照度的贡献所需的信息。 使用新的CFDT3数据开发的模型将用于：（1）为空间辐照度显示器提供支持； （2）表征到达地球的太阳能量的过去和将来变化； （3）对太阳辐照度变化的物理来源有了更深入的了解。 SFO/CFDT光度法程序在所有晴天（约65％的一年）记录了多个波长的全盘太阳图像，并维护描述太阳可变性的元数据的档案。 （2）支持基于空间的太阳辐照度显示器； （3）生成更大的科学界感兴趣的次要数据； （4）履行教育任务。 使用CFDT3的新数据，项目团队将重建太阳总和频谱辐射输出中的变化。 这些重建是太阳辐照度研究社区的宝贵工具：它们不仅提供了科学信息，而且还允许在太空辐射记录中识别不连续性，从而有助于弥合航天器任务之间的差距。 太阳可变性的分析适用于其他类似太阳恒星的研究。 一个重大影响是对观测太阳能物理学的本科生和研究生进行教育。 诺斯里奇的加利福尼亚州立大学被指定为西班牙裔服务机构和亚裔美国人美国太平洋岛民服务机构。 它的学生库反映了其地理区域的种族多样性。 CFDT3是一种动手工具，它将吸引并鼓励学生探索和考虑科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）职业。 它的可访问性允许将其在研究生和本科水平的CSUN物理学和天文学课程中融为一体。 通过CSUN天文馆演讲的公共宣传工作使圣费尔南多山谷的种族多样化人口揭示了科学研究的可能性。