III: Small: Virtual Unrolling of Carbonized Herculaneum Scrolls

III：小：碳化赫库兰尼姆古卷的虚拟展开

• 批准号: 1422039
• 负责人: William Seales
• 金额: $ 50.62万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1422039&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: III; Small; Virtual; Unrolling; Carbonized

This project will develop algorithms and software tools for extracting the written text from volumetric, non-destructive scans of scrolls, which were carbonized in the Villa of the Papyri in Herculaneum as a result of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79. The library from Herculaneum, which was first discovered in 1752, is of immense interest to scholars worldwide. The excavated collection contains more than 1800 carbonized papyrus scrolls, and is the only library known to have survived from classical antiquity. All attempts at physically opening the scrolls have created profound damage, and many scrolls (nearly 300) are still intact. This project will build a computational framework in order to "digitally unroll" two complete scrolls, producing a comprehensive, non-invasive solution to the technical challenges and prescribing a path for the scholarly assembly and publication of all inaccessible texts in the Herculaneum collection. This will definitively establish that volumetric, non-destructive imaging methods can reveal complete texts that were long thought lost. The algorithms developed in this project will set the stage for the interdisciplinary discovery of new works from antiquity, the scaling of these methods and algorithms to the complete Herculaneum collection, and the broader interest in volumetric analysis for cultural heritage.The Herculaneum scrolls were written with carbon-based inks that create a challenging scenario for volumetric methods because density variations are very small. This work will overcome that problem using phase contrast tomography from a synchrotron beam in order to build high resolution volumetric models that show better contrast at ink boundaries. Because the internal structure of the Herculaneum rolls is complex, chaotic, and fully 3D, slice-based segmentation strategies fail when the surfaces turn into the dominant slice directions. Instead the segmentation approach will be based on registered multi-modal scans and a 3D structure tensor approach for building surface estimates from local multiscale volumetric operators and region-growing methods. The estimated papyrus surface segmentation will be locally re-positioned using optimization methods that improve the expected surface texture, and then digitally flattened to produce clear, flat views of the internal surfaces of the scrolls. This work will expand volumetric imaging toward a more widely used representational platform and will address fundamental technical challenges in segmentation, registration, representation, and visualization. The project will implement the developed segmentation and unwrapping algorithms as software tools so that non-scientists will be enabled to extract new images of text directly from volumetric data sets of scrolls. For further information, see the project website at http://vis.uky.edu.

该项目将开发算法和软件工具，以从体积，无损的卷轴扫描中提取书面文本，这些文本是在公元79年在赫尔库兰氏木瓜的别墅中碳碳化的，在赫尔库兰尼的含量中。赫尔库兰尼姆（Herculaneum）于1752年首次发现，全世界学者非常感兴趣。该挖掘的藏品包含1800多个碳化纸莎草纸，并且是唯一已知从古典古代生存的库。所有在物理上打开卷轴的尝试都造成了深刻的伤害，许多卷轴（将近300）仍然完好无损。该项目将建立一个计算框架，以“以数字方式展开”两个完整的卷轴，从而为技术挑战提供了全面的，无创的解决方案，并为赫卡兰本集合中所有无法访问的文本的学术组装和出版提供了道路。这将确定确定体积的，无损的成像方法可以揭示长期以来一直认为丢失的完整文本。该项目中开发的算法将为跨学科发现的新作品奠定阶段基于碳的油墨会为体积方法创造一个具有挑战性的方案，因为密度变化很小。这项工作将使用同步束光束的相对比断层扫描来克服该问题，以构建高分辨率的体积模型，这些模型在墨水边界处显示出更好的对比度。因为赫克拉氏卷的内部结构是复杂的，混乱的和完全3D的，因此当表面变成主要的切片方向时，基于切片的分割策略失败了。取而代之的是，分割方法将基于注册的多模式扫描和3D结构张量方法，用于从局部多尺度体积操作员和区域生长方法构建表面估算。估计的纸莎草表面分割将使用优化方法在局部重新定位，以改善预期的表面纹理，然后以数字化扁平化，以产生滚动的内部表面的清晰，平坦的视图。这项工作将扩大体积成像向更广泛使用的代表性平台，并将解决细分，注册，表示和可视化方面的基本技术挑战。该项目将将开发的细分和解开算法实现为软件工具，以便可以使非科学家可以直接从体积数据集的卷轴数据集中提取新的文本图像。有关更多信息，请参见项目网站http://vis.uky.edu。