NeTS: Small: Collaborative Research: Realizing Visual and Acoustic Near Field Communication Systems for Smartphones: Performance Optimization and Security Assurance

NeTS：小型：协作研究：实现智能手机视觉和声学近场通信系统：性能优化和安全保证

• 批准号: 1421903
• 负责人: Kui Ren
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-01 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1421903&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NeTS; Small; Collaborative; Research; Realizing; NeTS; Small; Collaborative; Research; Realizing

Near-Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging wireless technology that expects to revolutionize a range of mobile applications. However, the widespread use of NFC is hindered by the fact that only a limited number of platforms have built-in NFC support. Moreover, while NFC's short communication range offers some degree of physical protection, recent findings have revealed NFC's vulnerability to malicious eavesdropping. This project develops alternative NFC technologies that are secure and compatible with legacy mobile devices and existing infrastructure (e.g., POS terminals). The key novelty of this approach is to leverage visible light and acoustic channels to realize NFC systems with robust performance and security assurance. Due to the high directionality of narrow light beams, visible light can enable secure and interference-free wireless links. Similarly, acoustic signal can be modulated for NFC communication in close proximity. This approach offers several key advantages over the existing NFC technology. Both visual and acoustic communication channels can be implemented using prevalent components such as LCD displays, microphones, and speakers, which lead to purely software-based solutions that can easily retrofit existing infrastructure with NFC functionality. Second, in contrast to RF channels, the direction and distance of screen-camera link are controllable, preserving the communication privacy and security. Similarly, integrated with physical self-jamming techniques, the acoustic link can achieve information-theoretic security without the need for pre-shared secrets.In this project, a new form of Visible Light Communication (VLC) is employed to implement NFC, where 2D barcodes are streamed between LCD display and camera. A new barcode design and several techniques are used to optimize the throughput of screen-camera link, which include code block adaptation and re-ordering to mitigate the impact of image blur in mobile environments, and lightweight image processing algorithms for real-time decoding of barcode stream. A systematic security study is conducted on barcode-based communication based on geometric analysis and a new acoustics-based NFC system is developed for smartphones without the need of a priori knowledge of security secrets. The emerging friendly jamming techniques are utilized for establishing an information-theoretically secure communication channel for NFC. This project also explores advanced coding techniques, high-level modulation schemes and other physical layer techniques for further improving the data transmission rates and ensuring confidentiality guarantee.This project is a multi-disciplinary research effort that integrates novel technologies from visual/acoustic communication, adaptive self-jamming, image processing, and cryptography. The results have impacts on a range of mobile applications such as payment, access control, and smart device paring. The PIs will integrate research results into several courses, and leverage the intriguing nature of the project for reaching out to pre-college students.

近场通信（NFC）是一项新兴的无线技术，希望彻底改变一系列移动应用程序。但是，只有有限数量的平台具有内置的NFC支持，因此阻碍了NFC的广泛使用。此外，尽管NFC的短沟通范围提供了一定程度的身体保护，但最近的发现揭示了NFC易受恶意窃听的脆弱性。该项目开发了替代的NFC技术，这些技术与旧的移动设备和现有基础架构（例如POS终端）兼容。这种方法的主要新颖性是利用可见光和声学通道来实现具有强大的性能和安全保证的NFC系统。由于窄光束的高方向性，可见光可以实现安全无干扰的无线链接。同样，可以调制声学信号以密切接近NFC通信。这种方法比现有的NFC技术具有多个关键优势。可以使用普遍的组件（例如LCD显示器，麦克风和扬声器）来实现视觉通信通道和声学通信通道，这些组件纯粹会导致纯粹基于软件的解决方案，这些解决方案可以轻松地通过NFC功能改造现有的基础架构。其次，与RF通道相比，屏幕相机链接的方向和距离是可控的，可以保留通信隐私和安全性。类似地，与物理自我造成的技术集成在一起，声学链接可以实现信息理论安全性，而无需预共享秘密。在该项目中，采用了一种新形式的可见光通信（VLC）来实现NFC，其中2D条形码在LCD显示器之间流了2D条形码。一种新的条形码设计和几种技术用于优化屏幕相机链接的吞吐量，其中包括代码块适应和重新排序以减轻图像模糊在移动环境中的影响，以及轻巧的图像处理算法用于实时解码条形码流。基于几何分析的基于条形码的通信进行了系统的安全研究，并为智能手机开发了新的基于声学的NFC系统，而无需先验了解安全秘密。新兴友好的干扰技术用于为NFC建立信息安全的通信渠道。该项目还探讨了高级编码技术，高级调制方案和其他物理层技术，以进一步提高数据传输速率并确保机密性保证。该项目是一项多学科研究工作，可以从视觉/声学通信，适应性自我jamming，图像处理，图像处理和密码学中整合新技术。结果会影响一系列移动应用程序，例如付款，访问控制和智能设备削减。 PI将将研究结果整合到多个课程中，并利用该项目与大学前学生接触的有趣性质。