Synthetic Gauge Fields in Quantum Gases of Dysprosium

镝量子气体中的合成规范场

• 批准号: 1403396
• 负责人: Benjamin Lev
• 金额: $ 44.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1403396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Synthetic; Gauge; Fields; Quantum; Gases

This research project explores uncharted regimes of 'strongly correlated matter' (matter which behaves notably differently from what one would expect based on knowledge gained by studying only the constituents in isolation) by pushing the experimental state-of-the-art in atomic physics, quantum optics, and condensed matter physics. In addition, the group actively collaborates with theoretical groups to develop frameworks for understanding these novel tools and complex systems. The project focuses on the diversity of quantum many-body phases that may arise from the unusual properties of the element dysprosium under the influence of specialized excitation by laser radiation. This program will build the experimental capability to seek these phases using the successful machine assembled under a prior NSF CAREER grant for laser cooling and trapping dysprosium. The research concerns physics and technical skills that find application in a variety of significant areas of technology, most notably lasers and photonics for telecommunications and advanced novel solid-state materials for electronic devices. The research provides opportunities for graduate and undergraduate student education in a state-of-the-art laser lab. Several groups have realized a synthetic magnetic field using alkali atoms either in traps or in optical lattices as well as one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling. Spin-orbit coupling in a Bose gas can lead to superfluid phases with stripe order and a rich phase diagram. These achievements announce an exciting new frontier for exploring quantum many-body physics in quantum gases, connecting to existing phenomena and challenges in condensed matter systems. The group aspires to pursue brand-new phenomena barely, or perhaps not at all, realizable in the solid state by employing high-spin quantum gases of dysprosium atoms. Dysprosium (Dy) offers several advantages for realizing unusual, strongly correlated states and exotic spinor phases beyond those phases widely discussed in the context of utilizing dysprosium?s large magnetic dipole moment. The large spin and narrow optical transitions of Dy atoms should allow for the generation of synthetic magnetic fields one order of magnitude larger than those in the alkalis, but with considerable reduction of the heating rate. Consequently, creating quantum Hall states in Dy may be more practicable than in the currently employed alkali atoms.

该研究项目探讨了“密切相关的物质”的未知状态（其行为与基于仅通过孤立的成分获得的知识所期望的物质明显不同），通过推动原子理，量子，量子光学和凝结物理学的实验性目的。此外，该小组还与理论组积极合作，以开发理解这些新颖工具和复杂系统的框架。 该项目的重点是量子多体阶段的多样性，这些阶段可能是由于激光辐射的专用激发的影响而引起的元素不寻常性障碍的异常特性。 该计划将使用先前的NSF职业赠款组装的成功机器来建立实验能力，以寻求这些阶段，用于激光冷却和捕获障碍。这项研究涉及物理和技术技能，这些技能在各种重要领域，最著名的是电信和电子设备的高级新型固态材料。该研究为研究生和本科生教育提供了机会，并在最先进的激光实验室中提供了教育。几个组已经在陷阱或光学晶格中使用碱原子以及一维自旋轨耦合实现了一个合成磁场。在玻色气中进行的自旋轨道耦合可以导致带有条纹顺序和丰富相图的超氟相位。这些成就宣布了一个令人兴奋的新领域，用于探索量子气体中的量子多体物理学，与现有现象和冷凝物质系统的挑战相连。 该小组渴望通过使用高旋转量子气体原子的高旋转量子气体来实现的固态勉强地追求全新现象，或者根本不可实现。 dydsprosium（DY）提供了几个优势，可以实现异常相关的状态和外来旋转阶段，超出了在利用dysprosium的大型磁偶极矩的情况下广泛讨论的那些阶段。大型旋转原子的较大自旋和狭窄的光学转变应允许生成合成磁场的生成一个比碱中大的数量级，但加热速率大幅降低。因此，在DY中创建量子大厅的状态可能比目前使用的碱原子更可行。