RUI: The effects of three-dimensional fluid flows on front propagation

RUI：三维流体流动对前沿传播的影响

• 批准号: 1361881
• 负责人: Thomas Solomon
• 金额: $ 20.87万
• 依托单位: Bucknell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1361881&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; effects; three; dimensional; fluid

Non-Technical abstractFluid flows play a crucial role in the behavior of many physical, chemical, geological, astrophysical and biological processes. During the past ten years, the PI's research group has done numerous experiments on the behavior of reaction fronts in simple, two-dimensional (2D) fluid flows. Results from those experiments have led to development of a theory that predicts the existence of "burning invariant manifolds" (BIMs) in the flow that act as invisible barriers that block the motion of reaction fronts. The experiments funded by this grant will extend those studies to three-dimensional (3D) flows. In particular, we will explore whether BIMs in 3D flows still act as barriers that impede the motion of reaction fronts. Ultimately, these experiments may lead to a better understanding of blooms of plankton in the oceans; more efficient chemical reactors, especially in micro-scale devices; processes in plasma flows that might lead to economical fusion-based electrical generation; the role of cellular-scale flows in biological processes including morphogenesis in a developing embryo; detonation of supernova explosions; and the effects of moving populations on the spreading of a disease. This is an RUI (Research at Undergraduate Institutions) grant; consequently, all of this research will be done with undergraduate students who will play an active role in all aspects of the studies, including experimental design, building and testing of the apparatus, data collection and analysis, and publication and presentation of the results. These will be the first real research experiences for most of these students, and will play an important role in their development as scientists.Technical AbstractThis grant will fund experiments that will study the behavior of reaction fronts in three-dimensional (3D) fluid flows. This is an issue with applications to a wide range of front-producing systems in physics, chemistry, biology and geology. The PI has extensive experience doing similar experiments (all with undergraduates) in 2D flows. Results from those experiments led to the development of a theory that identifies "burning invariant manifolds" (BIMs) in the flow that act as barriers that block reaction fronts. The proposed experiments will extend those studies to 3D flows composed of nested chains of vortices. Reaction fronts will be produced by the excitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky chemical reaction which has been shown to exhibit dynamics similar to those for a wide range of front-producing systems. Questions addressed by this research will include: (a) whether the BIM theory can be extended to the full 3D problem; (b) whether barriers similar to the BIMs in the 2D flows still exist to front propagation in 3D flows; and (c) whether reaction barriers in 3D flows can be destroyed by weak time dependence. This is an RUI (Research at Undergraduate Institutions) grant; consequently, all of this research will be done with undergraduate students who will play an active role in all aspects of the studies, including experimental design, building and testing of the apparatus; data collection and analysis; and publication and presentation of the results. These will be the first real research experiences for most of these students, and will play an important role in their development as scientists.

非技术抽象流动流在许多物理，化学，地质，天体物理和生物学过程的行为中起着至关重要的作用。 在过去的十年中，PI的研究小组在简单的二维（2D）流体流中进行了许多关于反应前沿行为的实验。 这些实验的结果导致了一种理论的发展，该理论预测了流动中“燃烧不变的歧管”（BIM）的存在，该流动起到了隐形屏障的作用，该障碍阻碍了反应前部运动的运动。该赠款资助的实验将将这些研究扩展到三维（3D）流。特别是，我们将探索3D流中的BIMS是否仍然是阻碍反应前部运动的障碍。最终，这些实验可能会导致对海洋中浮游生物的开花更好地理解。更有效的化学反应器，尤其是在微型设备中；血浆流的过程可能导致经济的基于融合的电发电；细胞尺度流在生物过程中的作用，包括形态发生在发育中的胚胎中；超新星爆炸的爆炸；以及移动人群对疾病扩散的影响。这是RUI（本科机构的研究）赠款；因此，所有这项研究都将与本科生一起完成，他们将在研究的各个方面发挥积极作用，包括对设备的实验设计，建筑和测试，数据收集和分析以及结果的出版和介绍。 这些将是大多数这些学生的第一个真正的研究经历，并且在科学家中将在他们的发展中发挥重要作用。技术抽象这笔赠款将资助实验，这些实验将研究三维（3D）流体流动反应方面的行为。 这是对物理，化学，生物学和地质学领域的广泛领域制作系统的应用的问题。 PI在2D流中具有类似的实验（全都具有本科生）的丰富经验。这些实验的结果导致了一种理论的发展，该理论在流动中识别出“燃烧不变的歧管”（BIMS），该流动充当阻断反应前线的障碍。 提出的实验将将这些研究扩展到由涡旋的嵌套链组成的3D流。 反应前线将由可激发的Belousov-Zhabotinsky化学反应产生，该反应显示出类似于广泛的前生产系统的动力学。这项研究解决的问题将包括：（a）BIM理论是否可以扩展到完整的3D问题； （b）在3D流中仍存在与2D流中的BIM相似的屏障； （c）3D流中的反应障碍是否会因时间依赖而破坏。这是RUI（本科机构的研究）赠款；因此，所有这些研究都将与本科生一起完成，这些学生将在研究的各个方面发挥积极作用，包括对设备的实验设计，建筑和测试；数据收集和分析；以及结果的出版和呈现。 这些将是大多数这些学生的第一个真正的研究经历，并将在他们作为科学家的发展中发挥重要作用。