High Resolution Imaging of the Mantle of North America with 3D Wavefield Imaging

利用 3D 波场成像对北美地幔进行高分辨率成像

• 批准号: 1358149
• 负责人: Gary Pavlis
• 金额: $ 24.1万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1358149&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Resolution; Imaging; Mantle; North; America

Technical DescriptionThis project will analyze data from the Earthscope Transportable Array (TA) using a novel three-dimensional, seismic wave imaging method called plane wave migration. This method has produced what is arguably the highest resolution image produced from the TA to date. It accomplishes this with a technology derived from the seismic reflection method, which is the primary technology used in oil and gas exploration. The project will use this technology to address three main scientific questions. (1) What is the geometry of the Farallon Plate that North America has been overriding for at least 100 million years? (2) Are dipping interfaces in the upper mantle we have imaged in previous work markers of mantle flow processes? (3) What do these high resolution images tell us about the nature of the region of Earth?s mantle called the transition zone that lies between two global discontinuities at depths of 410 and 660 km? The project will address these questions through four approaches. (1) 3D visualization using tools commonly available for interpretation seismic reflection data in the oil and gas industry. (2) Application of forward modeling methods to appraise the reliability of our imaging results and to test more detailed hypotheses that will arise form approach (1). (3) Comparison of our results with different approaches produced by other scientists. (4) Further technical developments of the imaging technology that will be applied in the project.Broader significance and importanceThe USArray element of Earthscope was built to provide the data to provide a new understanding of the processes that have shaped the North American continent. Seismic imaging technologies were the main approach to addressing this large issue. This project is important for providing the highest resolution images yet obtained with these data and relating them in true geometry to related work by others. This has the potential to dramatically change our perspectives on many elements of North American geology by being able to see what was previously not possible. This has broad impacts for the oil and gas industry as fundamental work that can impact understanding of geologic processes that shape North American geology. We also plan to produce a number of data products that can be used for science education at all levels.

技术描述该项目将使用一种称为平面波迁移的新型三维，地震波成像方法来分析可传输阵列（TA）的数据。 该方法可以产生从TA到迄今为止产生的最高分辨率图像。 它通过从地震反射方法中得出的技术来实现这一目标，该技术是石油和天然气勘探中使用的主要技术。 该项目将使用该技术解决三个主要的科学问题。 （1）北美已经覆盖至少1亿年的法拉隆板的几何形状是什么？ （2）我们在地幔的上地幔中浸入界面是否在地幔流程的先前工作标记中成像？ （3）这些高分辨率图像告诉我们什么是地球区域的性质，称为过渡区，该区域位于两个全球不连续性之间，深度为410至660 km？ 该项目将通过四种方法解决这些问题。 （1）使用通常用于石油和天然气行业中解释地震反射数据的工具3D可视化。 （2）应用正向建模方法评估成像结果的可靠性，并测试将出现形式方法的更详细的假设（1）。 （3）我们的结果与其他科学家产生的不同方法的比较。 （4）将在项目中应用的成像技术的进一步技术发展。BRODER的意义和Emptimancethe usarray元素构建了旨在提供数据，以提供对塑造北美大陆的过程的新理解。 地震成像技术是解决这一大问题的主要方法。 该项目对于提供这些数据获得的最高分辨率图像很重要，并将其与其他人的相关工作相关联。 通过能够看到以前无法的事情，这有可能极大地改变我们对北美地质许多因素的看法。 这对石油和天然气行业产生了广泛的影响，这是可能影响塑造北美地质的地质过程的理解的基本工作。 我们还计划生产许多可用于各级科学教育的数据产品。