RUI: DIVERSIFICATION AND RADIATION OF THE SPLITFINS (TELEOSTOMI: GOODEIDAE)

RUI：分裂鳍的多样化和辐射（TELEOSTOMI：GOODEIDAE）

• 批准号: 1354930
• 负责人: Kyle Piller
• 金额: $ 60.78万
• 依托单位: Southeastern Louisiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354930&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; DIVERSIFICATION; RADIATION; SPLITFINS; TELEOSTOMI

The Cyprinodontiformes, commonly known as splitfins, are a diverse order of teleost fishes consisting of 10 families, and more than 800 globally distributed species. The group includes killifishes, guppies, and swordtails, and is well known among aquarium hobbyists, toxicologists, and as a model organism in cancer research. Goodeids are an imperiled group of freshwater fishes that occur in Mexico and the Southwestern United States and consist of two main lines of diversification; a depauperate group of egg laying species, and a speciose group that bear live offspring. Many groups in the order, including the viviparous (live birthing) species, are understudied from an ecological and evolutionary perspective.The evolutionary relationships of groups within the order are unclear and the relationships of the species and genera within the Goodeidae family have not been adequately studied. The lack of a robust family tree has impeded both basic and applied research on the splitfins. Resolving the evolutionary relationships within the Cyprinodontiformes, as well as within the Goodeidae species, will advance our understanding of life-history evolution, morphological diversification, taxonomy, and conservation. The researchers will write a handbook for aquarists and conservation biologists containing recommendations for maintenance and breeding guidelines for maintaining genetic and phenotypic diversity of goodeids in captivity. The researchers will work with the Goodeid Working Group to update the Goodeidae conservation status and trends information as well as contribute to aquarist-oriented publications and conventions to promote appropriate captive Goodeidae rearing. These efforts will enhance conservation efforts of these fishes which are critical to resource managers especially considering the ongoing environmental changes in the areas occupied by the Goodeidae.This integrative project will involve multiple graduate and undergraduate students, international and United States collaborators, and citizen scientists. Specimens will be collected in the United States and Latin America and the vouchered tissue samples, which are important for future studies, will be deposited in research collections in the United States and Mexico. Citizen scientists will provide pedigreed larval specimens of all species of Goodeidae. These are historically difficult to obtain and will be used for scanning electron microscopic examination of trophotaeniae, a poorly understudied larval taxonomic character that is critical to the unusual live births in this group. This study will result in the construction of phylogenetic trees for the Cyprinodontiformes and the Goodeidae based on traditional (10 loci, and 7,000bp sequence data) and next generation sequencing approaches (anchored phylogenomics), offering the most comprehensive tests of previous phylogenetic hypotheses for these groups. The incorporation of geometric morphometric and trophotaenial data, fossil calibrations, and phylogenetic comparative methods will allow for a better understanding of the timing of diversification and the factors that have played a role in radiation of this interesting group of fishes. Finally, the research will assess changes in Goodeidae abundance and distribution, based on museum records and field sampling.

Cyprinodontiformes，通常称为Splitfins，是由10个家庭组成的定量鱼类的多样化顺序，以及800多个全球分布的物种。 该小组包括Killifishes，孔雀鱼和剑尾，在水族馆业余爱好者，毒理学家中众所周知，是癌症研究中的模型生物。 Goodeids是一群在墨西哥和美国西南部发生的一群淡水鱼类，由两种多元化的主要线组成。一组卵子卵子的卵子和一组具有后代的特定群体。从生态和进化的角度来看，包括胎生（活生物）物种在内的许多群体都被研究了。群体内的群体的进化关系尚不清楚，并且尚未对Goodeidae家族中物种和属的关系进行充分的研究。缺乏强大的家谱阻碍了对分裂芬的基础研究和应用研究。解决Cyprinodontiformes中以及Goodeidae物种中的进化关系，将促进我们对生活历史发展，形态学多样化，分类学和保护的理解。 研究人员将撰写一本关于水族基督和保护生物学家的手册，其中包含有关维持和育种指南的建议，以维持糖果糖的遗传和表型多样性。研究人员将与GOODEID工作组合作，以更新Goodeidae保护状况和趋势信息，并为面向水族馆的出版物和惯例做出贡献，以促进适当的圈养Goodeidae饲养。 这些努力将加强这些鱼类的保护工作，这对资源经理至关重要，尤其是考虑到Goodeidae所占领的地区正在进行的环境变化。该综合项目将涉及多个研究生和本科生，国际和美国合作者以及公民科学家。 标本将在美国和拉丁美洲以及对未来研究至关重要的保证组织样本收集，将存放在美国和墨西哥的研究收藏中。公民科学家将提供所有古田科的幼虫标本。这些在历史上很难获得，并且将用于扫描滋养性的电子显微镜检查，这是一种研究不足的幼虫分类学特征，对这一组的异常活产至关重要。这项研究将导致基于传统的（10个基因座和7,000bp序列数据）和下一代测序方法（锚定的系统基因组）的系统发育树和Goodeidae的构建，为这些组提供了先前的系统生理假设的最全面的测试。 几何形态计量学和滋养数据，化石校准以及系统发育比较方法的结合将使人们可以更好地了解多样化的时机以及在这种有趣的鱼类群体中发挥作用的因素。 最后，该研究将根据博物馆记录和现场抽样评估Goodeidae丰度和分布的变化。