Follicle Selection and Differentation in the Avian Ovary

鸟类卵巢中的卵泡选择和分化

• 批准号: 1354713
• 负责人: Alan Johnson
• 金额: $ 26.1万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354713&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Follicle; Selection; Differentation; Avian; Ovary

In all birds, reproduction (ability of the ovary to produce eggs) is dependent upon the initial development of a group of small, undifferentiated ovarian follicles. It is from this cohort that a single follicle is selected, often on a daily basis, to initiate growth prior to ovulation. The novel concept tested is that follicle selection, followed immediately by rapid growth and final differentiation, is dependent upon the acquisition of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) receptor responsiveness. Initial studies using the domestic hen as the primary research model will establish the cellular mechanisms that prevent receptor signaling and maintain follicles in an undifferentiated state prior to follicle selection. One objective of the project is to test the hypothesis that ovarian follicle selection in birds represents a process in which a single undifferentiated follicle per day escapes inhibitory mechanisms and begins rapid growth and final maturation prior to ovulation. A second objective will focus on cellular mechanisms that regulate follicle growth and differentiation immediately subsequent to selection, including the initiation and entrainment of circadian rhythms within the ovary. The data generated from these studies are expected to: 1) enable initial predictions about mechanisms regulating follicle selection in non-avian vertebrates (e.g., reptiles and mammalian species); 2) describe cellular mechanisms that determine a bird's reproductive potential, and possibly identify mechanisms that enable multiple ovulations in mammals (including fraternal twins in humans); and 3) have practical implications to enhancing fecundity in both threatened/endangered species and food-producing animals. Research results will be regularly presented at professional society meetings, and all completed studies will be published in high quality research journals in a timely fashion. The funding provided will support both undergraduate and graduate student research projects. The Principal Investigator actively recruits and encourages the participation of women and students from underrepresented populations.

在所有鸟类中，繁殖（卵巢产生鸡蛋的能力）取决于一组小，未分化的卵巢卵泡的初步发展。正是从这个队列中，通常每天都会选择一个单个卵泡，以在排卵前启动生长。所测试的新型概念是，卵泡的选择立即快速生长和最终分化，取决于获取卵泡刺激激素（FSH）和血管活性肠肽（VIP）受体反应性。使用家用母鸡作为主要研究模型的初步研究将建立细胞机制，以防止受体信号传导并在卵泡选择之前以未分化状态保持卵泡。该项目的一个目的是检验以下假设：鸟类中的卵巢卵泡选择代表了一个过程，在该过程中，每天单个未分化的卵泡逃脱了抑制性机制，并在排卵前开始快速生长和最终成熟。第二个目标将集中于选择后立即调节卵泡生长和分化的细胞机制，包括卵巢内昼夜节律的启动和夹带。预计从这些研究中产生的数据将：1）对调节非avian脊椎动物中卵泡选择的机制进行初始预测（例如爬行动物和哺乳动物物种）； 2）描述确定鸟类生殖潜力的细胞机制，并可能确定能够在哺乳动物中产生多种排卵的机制（包括人类的兄弟双胞胎）； 3）对增强受威胁/濒危物种和产生食物的动物的繁殖力具有实际意义。研究结果将定期在专业协会会议上介绍，所有完成的研究将及时在高质量的研究期刊上发表。提供的资金将支持本科和研究生研究项目。首席调查员积极招募并鼓励人口不足的妇女和学生的参与。