Collaborative Research: Evaluating the contributions of horizontally transferred bacterial genes and endogenous duplication events to the diversification of diatoms

合作研究：评估水平转移细菌基因和内源复制事件对硅藻多样化的贡献

• 批准号: 1353152
• 负责人: Norman Wickett
• 金额: $ 30.02万
• 依托单位: Chicago Horticultural Society
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1353152&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Evaluating; contributions; horizontally

The goal of this project is to identify the sources of novel diatom traits, which have contributed to their extraordinary metabolic and species-level diversity. Some traits are encoded by genes acquired from distantly related bacteria, an entirely different kingdom in the tree of life. Other genes appear to have been generated by processes acting within diatom genomes. This project will generate genome-scale data for 250 phylogenetically disparate diatom species. These data will be used to: (1) infer evolutionary relationships, (2) identify the sources - whether intrinsic or extrinsic - of new genes, and (3) correlate the pattern and timing of gene acquisitions with the origins of novel traits.This study would result in the training of a post-doctoral researcher, undergraduates and graduate students. With an estimated 200,000 species, diatoms are one of the most diverse groups of marine and freshwater phytoplankton. These microscopic "plants" play a major role in the global cycling of carbon and oxygen, producing the oxygen for one of every five human breaths. They manufacture the fatty acids that make their way up the food chain, eventually into fish, which humans harvest for fish oils. Diatoms possess a broad range of novel traits that, together, have facilitated their rise to prominence in the world's oceans. Ultimately, this project will reveal how nature has assembled the mosaic genomes of one of the world's most diverse and ecologically important lineages.

该项目的目的是确定新颖的硅藻特征的来源，这些特征有助于其非凡的代谢和物种水平的多样性。某些特征是由从遥远相关的细菌中获得的基因编码的，这是生命之树中完全不同的王国。其他基因似乎是由作用在硅藻基因组中的过程产生的。该项目将生成250个系统发育不同硅藻种类的基因组规模数据。这些数据将用于：（1）推断进化关系，（2）确定新基因的固有或外在的来源，以及（3）将基因获取的模式和时间与新特征的起源相关联。这项研究将导致培训后科学研究人员，少年和毕业生和毕业生。硅藻估计有200,000种，是海洋和淡水浮游植物最多样化的群体之一。这些显微镜“植物”在碳和氧气的全球循环中起着重要作用，从而产生氧气中的每五种呼吸之一。他们生产脂肪酸，这些脂肪酸最终进入食物链，最终变成了鱼类为鱼油收获的鱼类。硅藻具有广泛的新颖特征，共同促进了它们在世界海洋中的突出。最终，该项目将揭示自然如何汇总世界上最多样化和生态重要的谱系之一的镶嵌基因组。