Coastal SEES (Track I), Collaborative: Sediment Supply in a Regime of Accelerated Coastal Erosion (SedS-RACE): Paleo-Perspectives, Anthropogenic Influences and Future Challenges

沿海 SEES（第一轨），协作：海岸加速侵蚀状态下的沉积物供应 (SedS-RACE)：古视角、人为影响和未来挑战

• 批准号: 1325430
• 负责人: Christopher Hein
• 金额: $ 42.89万
• 依托单位: College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1325430&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Coastal; SEES; Track; Collaborative; Sediment

Coastal SEES (Track I), Collaborative: Sediment Supply in a Regime of Accelerated Coastal Erosion (SedS-RACE): Paleo-Perspectives, Anthropogenic Influences and Future ChallengesChristopher Hein, College of William and Mary Virginia Institute of Marine ScienceElizabeth Canuel, College of William and Mary Virginia Institute of Marine SciencePeter Rosen, Northeastern UniversityJu-Chin Huang, University of New HampshireCoastal retreat and sediment supply have tremendous impacts on society, infrastructure and the ecological functioning of coastal marine ecosystems. These processes are also integral to a range of coastal policy issues since a large fraction of the world?s population lives within 150 km of a coastline and the supply of riverine sediment to coastal regions is decreasing globally. This project addresses fundamental social- and natural- science questions surrounding coastal erosion that arise in response to insufficient supplies of sediment in a regime of accelerated sea-level rise and enhanced storminess. This will be accomplished through an integrative investigation of the long-term sediment sources, anthropogenic modifications and management strategies for a sandy barrier coast that is currently undergoing both severe erosion and intense human development. The focus of this study is the Merrimack River / Plum Island (Massachusetts) barrier system. Both have undergone wide-ranging human alterations that, combined with complex climate-change impacts, have dramatically reduced fluxes of sediment from both fluvial and near-shore sources. Results for the coastal community have been devastating, with consequences that affect human populations on annual, decadal and centennial timescales. This study will evaluate the relationship between the long-term (millennial-scale) record of sediment from the Merrimack River and the stability of Plum Island through the development of an 8000-year record of organic-biomarker proxies to quantify relative changes in the contributions of fluvial and shelf sources of sediment through time. It will then employ historical records and datasets, the correlation of 60 years of coastal-process and shoreline-mapping studies along Plum Island, and the development of down-core geochemical proxy records of anthropogenic impacts on fluvial sediment delivery to the coast, to detail the history of human modifications and evidence of geological responses. Modern shoreline-erosion studies (e.g., shoreline mapping, beach profiling, sediment sampling) will be used to monitor the short-term (1-2 yrs.) impacts of specific erosional events (storms) and management strategies. This combined knowledge will then be used to determine the nature and degree to which humans have altered natural sediment supplies and transport pathways and develop feasible sustainable paths for management that balance natural processes, societal needs and constraints, and communities? monetary and non-monetary valuation of the river, barrier and associated ecosystems.A unique product of this study will be the development of a 53-min PBS-style documentary that will provide a transparent view into the complex social and scientific interactions which inform the collective decision-making process around coastal erosion. A detailed distribution and impact-assessment plan for this film will allow it to serve as a unique and broadly-impactful education and outreach tool. Additional outreach will include the incorporation of local students and community members in beach monitoring efforts, coordinated policy development with local towns, public lectures, and the development of a display at a local National Wildlife Refuge that will focus on coupled human-natural interactions in relation to the coastal erosion problem on Plum Island. Additionally, it will provide interdisciplinary training for five students (1 PhD, 1 MSc, 3 undergraduate) both within and across the natural and social sciences, and will support an early-career scientist.

沿海 SEES（轨道 I），协作：加速海岸侵蚀机制中的沉积物供应 (SedS-RACE)：古视角、人为影响和未来挑战克里斯托弗·海因 (Christopher Hein)，威廉和玛丽学院 弗吉尼亚海洋科学研究所 伊丽莎白·卡努埃尔 (Elizabeth Canuel)，威廉学院和玛丽弗吉尼亚海洋科学研究所Peter Rosen，东北大学Ju-Chin Huang，新罕布什尔大学沿海休养所和沉积物供应对社会、基础设施和沿海海洋生态系统的生态功能产生巨大影响。这些过程也是一系列沿海政策问题的组成部分，因为世界上很大一部分人口生活在距海岸线 150 公里范围内，而且全球向沿海地区提供的河流沉积物正在减少。该项目解决了围绕海岸侵蚀的基本社会和自然科学问题，这些问题是由于海平面加速上升和暴风雨加剧的情况下沉积物供应不足而引起的。这将通过对目前正在遭受严重侵蚀和强烈人类开发的沙质屏障海岸的长期沉积物来源、人为改造和管理策略进行综合调查来实现。本研究的重点是梅里马克河/普拉姆岛（马萨诸塞州）屏障系统。两者都经历了广泛的人类改变，加上复杂的气候变化影响，大大减少了河流和近岸来源的沉积物通量。沿海社区的后果是毁灭性的，其后果在每年、十年和百年的时间尺度上影响着人类。本研究将通过开发 8000 年有机生物标志物代理记录来量化贡献的相对变化，评估梅里马克河沉积物的长期（千年尺度）记录与普拉姆岛的稳定性之间的关系随时间变化的河流和陆架沉积物来源。然后，它将利用历史记录和数据集、普拉姆岛沿岸 60 年海岸过程和海岸线测绘研究的相关性，以及人类活动对河流沉积物输送到海岸的影响的地下地球化学代理记录的开发，详细说明人类改造的历史和地质反应的证据。现代海岸线侵蚀研究（例如海岸线测绘、海滩分析、沉积物采样）将用于监测特定侵蚀事件（风暴）和管理策略的短期（1-2 年）影响。然后，这些综合知识将用于确定人类改变自然沉积物供应和运输路径的性质和程度，并开发可行的可持续管理路径，以平衡自然过程、社会需求和约束以及社区？对河流、屏障和相关生态系统的货币和非货币评估。这项研究的一个独特产品将是制作一部 53 分钟 PBS 风格的纪录片，它将提供一个透明的视角来了解复杂的社会和科学互动，这些互动为人们提供了信息围绕海岸侵蚀的集体决策过程。这部电影的详细发行和影响评估计划将使其成为一种独特且具有广泛影响力的教育和宣传工具。其他外展活动将包括让当地学生和社区成员参与海滩监测工作、与当地城镇协调政策制定、公开讲座以及在当地国家野生动物保护区进行展示，重点关注人与自然的相互作用普拉姆岛的海岸侵蚀问题。此外，它将为 5 名学生（1 名博士、1 名硕士、3 名本科生）提供自然科学和社会科学领域内和跨学科的跨学科培训，并将支持一名早期职业科学家。

项目成果

Evolution of paraglacial coasts in response to changes in fluvial sediment supply

河流沉积物供应变化引起的冰缘海岸演化

• DOI: 10.1144/sp388.15
• 发表时间: 2014-01
• 期刊: Special Publications
• 作者: Hein, Christopher J.;FitzGerald, D. M.;Buynevich, I. V.;Van Heteren, S.;Kelley, J. T.
• 通讯作者: Kelley, J. T.

Comparing policies for encouraging retreat from the Massachusetts coast

比较鼓励从马萨诸塞州海岸撤退的政策

• 发表时间: 2017-01
• 期刊: Sea Grant law & policy journal
• 作者: Graikoski, Michael;Hoagland, Porter
• 通讯作者: Hoagland, Porter

Adapting without Retreating: Responses to Shoreline Change on an Inlet-Associated Coastal Beach

不退缩地适应：对与入口相关的沿海海滩海岸线变化的反应

• DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2017.1345607
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: Coastal Management
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Fallon, Andrew R.;Hoagland, Porter;Jin, Di;Phalen, William;Fitzsimons, G. Gray;Hein, Christopher J.
• 通讯作者: Hein, Christopher J.

Cyclical shoreline erosion: The impact of a jettied river mouth on the downdrift barrier island

周期性海岸线侵蚀：喷射河口对下流障壁岛的影响

• 发表时间: 2015-01
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
• 作者: Fallon, Andrew R;Hein, Christopher J;Rosen, Peter S;Gannon, Halley L.
• 通讯作者: Gannon, Halley L.

Records of Migration and Ebb-Delta Breaching at Historic and Ancient Tidal Inlets along a River-Fed Paraglacial Barrier Island

沿河流供给的冰缘屏障岛历史悠久的古代潮汐入口处的迁移和落潮三角洲决口记录

• DOI: 10.2112/si75-46.1
• 发表时间: 2016-08-22
• 作者: C. Hein;G. Fitzsimons;D. FitzGerald;A. Fallon
• 通讯作者: A. Fallon