Collaborative Research: Anammox in a shallow coastal aquifer - combining in situ stable isotope and molecular approaches to examine controls on rates and communities

合作研究：沿海浅层含水层中的厌氧氨氧化 - 结合原位稳定同位素和分子方法来检查对速率和群落的控制

• 批准号: 1329284
• 负责人: Bongkeun Song
• 金额: $ 4.75万
• 依托单位: College of William & Mary Virginia Institute of Marine Science
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1329284&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Anammox; shallow; coastal; Collaborative; Research; Anammox; shallow; coastal

Intellectual merit: Groundwater holds a large reserve of DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) with extended residence times. Current analysis suggests that 20% of global DIN conversion to N2 (via denitrification) occurs in aquifers. The PIs will focus their efforts on a newly discovered DIN reaction pathway, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) that combines NH4+ with NO2- to produce N2. Although anammox has proven to be an important route of DIN loss in many marine systems, it is almost completely uncharacterized in groundwater environments despite geochemical conditions that should promote its activity. The preliminary evidence suggests that anammox may exceed denitrification in N-rich aquifers. The PIs propose to investigate anammox, and its connection(s) to denitrification and nitrification at the geochemical and microbial levels through a series of laboratory and newly developed in situ molecular and isotopic investigations. The overall goal of this study is to address the following questions: 1) Does anammox occur at sufficient in situ rates to warrant its consideration as an important mechanism of N loss during groundwater transport? 2) Are there indicative chemical or isotopic signatures for anammox in groundwater that can aid in its detection and quantification? The proposed work will yield the first reported in situ anammox rates for groundwater and define how microbial nitrogen cycling communities (anammox, denitrification, nitrification) interact in a mutualistic or competitive fashion to regulate nitrogen fate in aquifers. Broader impacts: The project provides internship opportunities through the UCONN Center for Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE). Graduate student support is provided to UNCW and UCONN. Tobias is in a unique position as Coordinator for the UCONN Coastal Studies undergraduate major to incorporate this work into undergraduate education. The project leverages the UNCW Center for Undergraduate Research and Fellowship and will help support two departmental honors degrees. Research experience for high school students will be achieved within the UNCW "Summer Ocean Ventures" program where participants will help with DNA analysis and graduate students act as mentors. The project will support a public lecture on connecting groundwater DIN contamination to coastal eutrophication as part of UCONN's "Coastal Perspectives" and UNCW's "Planet Ocean" public lecture series. Successful efforts to augment groundwater anammox may result in remediation recommendations that can be transferred to regional managers through the Massachusetts USGS district office.

知识分子的优点：地下水持有大量的DIN（溶解的无机氮），并具有延长的停留时间。目前的分析表明，含水层中有20％的全球DIN转化为N2（通过反硝化）发生。 PI将把他们的精力集中在新发现的DIN反应途径，厌氧铵氧化（Anammox）上，将NH4+与NO2-结合起来产生N2。尽管Anammox已被证明是许多海洋系统中的重要途径，但尽管地球化学条件应促进其活性，但在地下水环境中几乎完全没有表征。初步证据表明，在富含N的含水层中，Anammox可能会超过硝化作用。 PIS建议通过一系列实验室和新开发的原位分子和同位素研究来研究Anammox及其与地球化学和微生物水平的硝化和硝化的联系。这项研究的总体目的是解决以下问题：1）Anammox是否以原位速率发生以确保其作为地下水运输过程中N损失的重要机制的考虑？ 2）地下水中Anammox的指示性化学或同位素特征是否可以帮助其检测和定量？拟议的工作将产生地下水的第一个现场厌氧型速率，并定义微生物氮循环群落如何以相互或有竞争力的方式相互作用，以调节含水剂中的氮命运。更广泛的影响：该项目通过UConn环境科学与工程中心（CESE）提供实习机会。向UNCW和UCONN提供研究生支持。托比亚斯（Tobias）是UConn沿海研究本科生的独特地位，将这项工作纳入本科教育。该项目利用UNCW本科研究中心和奖学金中心，并将有助于支持两个部门的荣誉学位。高中生的研究经验将在UNCW的“夏季海洋风险投资”计划中获得，其中参与者将帮助DNA分析，研究生担任导师。该项目将支持有关UConn“沿海观点”和UNCW的“ Planet Ocean”公开演讲系列的一部分，将地下水Din污染与沿海富营养化联系起来的公开演讲。为增强地下水厌氧的成功努力可能会导致补救建议，可以通过马萨诸塞州USGS地区办事处将其转移给区域经理。